XJIIIIIIIIIilillllllllH 



NATIONAL COIN 
BOOK 




NATIONAL COIN BOOK ASSOCIATION 
WILKINSBURG, PA., U. S. A 



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CXS1 

N 2 - 



Copyright, 1914 

BY 
B. MORGENTHAU. 



h, 



NOV 2\ W 4 

©CLA38764- 



THE NATIONAL COIN BOOK 

An Encyclopedia of 
American, Foreign and Ancient Coins. 



A complete list of Rare American Coins from 
the earliest period to the present time, showing 
premiums paid therefor. 

A comprehensive history of the coinage laws 
and currency (current and uncurrent) of the United 
States. 

A study of Counterfeiting methods and how to 
detect them. 

A table of Foreign coins showing their United 
States values. 

A careful compilation of useful numismatic in- 
formation for the banker, the merchant, thfi student, 
and the layman. 



PUBLISHED BY THE 

NATIONAL COIN BOOK ASSOCIATION 

WlLKINSBURG, Pa., U. S. A. 



Price - - - Fifty Cents 



WlLKINSBURG, Pa., U. S. A. 

DESCRIPTION OF PLATES. 



PLATE A. 

Cents C0PPer 1793, 1794, 1796, 1799, 1808, 1843. 
PLATE B. 



U. S. 

Minor 

Coins. 



Half Cents— 1793, 1794, 1809,1849. 

Flying Eagle Cent (Nickel) 1856. 

Two Cents (Bronze) 1864. 

Three Cents (Nickel) 1868. 

Five Cents (Nickel) 1883; without 

CENTS. 
Five Cents (Nickel) 1866; Stars and 

Rays. 



PLATE 






Three Cents— 1853. 


U. S. 


Half Dimes— 1794, 1829, 1837. 


Silver 


Twenty Cents— 1876. 


Coins. 


Quarter Dollars— 1804, 1831, 1838. 




Half Dollars— 1794, 1807. 


PLATE D. 




U. S. 


Dimes— 1798, 1809, 1837, 1853. 


Silver 


Dollars— 1794, 1838, 1878. 


Coins. 


Trade Dollar— 1873. 


PLATE E. 






Dollar— 1849. 


U. S. 


Two and one-half Dollars — 1840. 


Gold 


Three Dollars— 1854. 


Coins. 


Five Dollars— 1795. 



Ten Dollars— 1795. 
Twenty Dollars— 1849. 



Nationai ! J 'tJoiN Book 



PLATE F. 

Private 
Issues 
Gold 
Coins. 

PLATE G. 



Private 
Issues 
Gold 
Coins. 



PLATE H. 



Early 

American 

Coins. 



Dollars — round and octagon,^ 
Dollar — A. Bechtler. .': 

2.50— Bechtler. - ' :,x 
Twenty Dollars— Pikes Peak (1&50). 
Twenty-five Dollars— ReicS: (J849) . 
Fifty Dollars — Humbert. 



Dollar — Cal. (octagon) 1855. 
Two and one-half D.— Utah, 1849. 
Five Dollars-^- 

Oregon (beaver) 1849. 

Pikes Peak. 

Utah (lion) 1860. ^ . 

Pacific Co. (eagle) 1849. 

Bechtler (5 in centre). 
Ten Dollars — 

Humbert (844 Thous). 

Bechtler (Rutheiff Co.) 

Baldwin (on diadem) 1851. 
Twenty Dollars— Utah, 1849. 
$40.ffi^Kohler^&m* 



1694 — Half Penny, Carolina. 

1722— Half Penny, Woods' Series. 

1737 — III P^nceJ Conn. 

1776— Half Penny, ^JMass. 

1786 — Cent, New Jersey. 

1787— Half Cent (on eagle) Mass. 

1787— Cent, Conn. 

1787— Cent (EXCELSIOR) N. Y. 



WlLKINSBURG, Pa., U. S. A. 



PLATE I. 



Early; 

American 

Coins. 



PLATE J. 



Continental 
and 

Experimental 
Coins. 

PLATE K. 

PLATE L. 

British 
Colonies 5 
Coins 
and 
Tokens. 

PLATE M. 

Foreign 

Silver 

Coins. 



1652— Pine Tree Shilling, Mass. 

1652— Oak Tree Shilling, Mass. 

1773— Half Penny, Virginia. 

. . . . — XII Pence, New England, 

1783—3 Pence, Maryland. 

1783 — Shilling (doves) Maryland. 

1783— Shilling, Maryland. >*' 

1783—6 Pence, Maryland. Im 



1776 — Dollar, Sun over Dial. 
1783 — Cent, Libertas. 
1785 — Cent, Confederato. 
1785 — Cent, U. S. in script. 
1786— Cent, E. Plur. Unum. 
1792— Half Disme. 
....—Bar Cent, U. S. A. 



Canadian Tokens. 



Copper cents of Canada, Newfound- 
, Jaijd, 1 Prince Eld. Is. i ; 

Canadian Tokens. 

Twenty cents, 1858. 

fifty cents. 1903. 

f^o Dollars (gold) 1870. 



England — One Florin. 

i^rance — Two Francs. 
Turkey — 20 Piastres. 
'Turkey— 1 Para (copper) 






10 



National Coin Book 



PLATE N. 

Obsolete 

and 

Current 

Foreign 

Coins. 



PLATE 0. 

Obsolete 

and 

Curious 

Foreign 

Coins. 



Denmark — 25 Ore. 

Switzerland— 10 Centimes (1870) — 

base. 
Philippine Is.— One Peso (1903). 
Panama — 50 Centesimos (1904). 



Italy — 2 Lira. 

St. Martin (Fr. Colony) 1/5 Peso. 

Roumania — 2 Lei.. 

England— Schilling (James I, (1603- 

25). 
Burmah (Siam) — Rupee. 
Germany — 20 Pfennig (nickel). 
Newark (Gt. Brit.) y 9 Crown 
(1646). 

England— Crown (1893). 
S. Africa-5 Shillings (1892). 

1— Gt. Brit.— 2 Pence (1797) copper. 
2— Gt. Brit.— Half Penny Token 

(18th Century) copper. 
3 — Siam — Tical (silver). 
4— Milan— Quattrino (1707-36). 
5— Japan— Bu (1818-68) silver. 
6— Peru— 2 Reales (1717-42) silver. 
7 — Japan— Tempo (brass) . 
8 — Russia — 5 Kopecks (copper.) 



PLATE P. 






1 — African Ring Money, 


Ancient 


2 — China Fork Money. 


Bronze 


3 — China Razor Money. 


Coins. 


4 — China Knife Money. 



WlLKINSBURG, Pa., U. S. A. 11 

GENERAL INFORMATION 

Prices quoted herein show a range of from 
good to extra fine. 

Coins not mentioned in this book command 
little or no premium, and are worth their face value 
only. 

The age of a coin does not give it value, scar- 
city being more of a factor. Many coins centuries 
old may be purchased from any dealer for a few 
cents. 

Never clean a rare coin, as there is danger of 
lessening its value. Oftentimes a corroded coin is 
of more value than a cleaned one. 

Proof, uncirculated, and fine coins should be 
handled on the edge only. They should be kept 
wrapped in chamois skin, or soft tissue paper so 
as not to come in contact with each other. The 
slightest scratch, in the eyes of an expert, detracts 
from the value of a coin. 

It is a misdemeanor to mutilate United States 
coins. (See Law Covering Coins, page 14.) 
All mutilated coins are uncurrent. 

There is no gold in any of the five-cent nickel 
or one-cent bronze pieces issued by the United 
States Government. 

The United States Government does not "call 
in" coins. 

Foreign coins are not a legal tender in the 
United States. 

The motto "E Plurjh^c Urium" w»« Urst used 
on the coi^ ""^ 



12 National Coin Book 

United States coins prior to the year 1864 are 
without "In God "We Trust," the two-cent piece 
being the first coin bearing the motto. 

New coins cannot be struck until authorized by 
Act of Congress. When a new design for an old 
coin is adopted, the coinage of the o|4 design im- 
mediately ceases, and the new design cannot be 
changed for twenty-five years, except by Act of 
Congress. 

Dies wear with use; therefore, coins struck late 
in the year may not be as perfect as -those struck 
earlier. 

All dies, according to law, must be destroyed 
immediately following the year in which they were 
issued. 

There are ten different kinds of money in cir- 
culation in the United States, viz : 

(1) gold coins, (2) standard silver dollars, (3) 
subsidiary silver, (4) gold certificates, (5) silver 
certificates, (6) treasury notes issued under, Act of 
July 14, 1890, (7) United States notes (called green- 
backs and legal tenders), (8) national-bank ! notes. 
(9) nickel coins, (10) bronze coins. 

We do not buy or sell old coins of any kind, 
nor do we guarantee prices quoted. 

Upon application, we will furnish the address 
of a reliable dealer who buys and sells old coins. 

All inquiries must be accompanied by a self- 
addressed and stamped envelope or postal card- 
otherwise no attention paid to same. 



WlLKINSBURG, Pa., U. S. A. 13 

Purchases by dealers are invariably made sub- 
ject to examination and approval, prices depending 
entirely upon condition and scarcity. 

Coins in this book marked with an asterisk (*) 
will be found among the illustrated plates. 

COIN DEALERS DO NOT BUY 

1857 Eagle Cents (Nickel). 

1858 Eagle Cents (Nickel). 
1909 Lincoln Cents (V. D. B.). 
1883 Nickels without CENTS. 

1853 Quarter dollars with arrow and rays. 
1853 Half dollars with arrows and rays. 
1836 Half dollars lettered edge. 

1892 Columbian half dollars. 

1893 Columbian half dollars. 

CONDITIONS OF COINS 

Proofs are struck by hand press. Both the 
planchettes and the dies are highly polished. 

Uncirculated show as bright and sharp as when 
minted. 

Fine, although lacking in mint brightness, must 
show neither scratches nor nicks. 

Good show every feature plainly and bear no 
bad marks or scratches. 

Fair, although much worn, still show lettering 
and date distinctly. * 

Poor show lettering and date indistinct. 

Mutilated show piercing, pieces cut out, bad 
scratches and general disfigurement. 



14 National Coin Book 

CLASSIFICATION OF COUNTERFEIT 
RARE COINS 

Altered Dates are original coins upon which 
the dates have been changed. 

Cast Coins are always lighter than struck coins. 
The lettering is not so sharp and the surface bears 
minute holes. 

Electrotypes are made of two pieces stuck to- 
gether and are easily detected. 

Forgeries are struck from false dies, and the 
weight is usually incorrect. 

LAW CONCERNING MUTILATION OF UNITED 
STATES COINS 

"Whosoever, fraudulently, by any art, way or 
means shall deface, mutilate, impair, diminish, fal- 
sify or lighten .... the gold or silver coins which 
may hereafter be coined in the United States .... 
shall be fined not more than $2,000 and imprison- 
ment of not more than five years/ ' 



WlLKINSBTJRG, Pa., U. S. A. 15 

NUMISMATIC TERMS 
And Their Meanings 

Obverse — Front, or "head" side of a coin. 

Reverse — Opposite, or "tail" side. 

Type — Principle object represented. 

Field — Blank space. 

Legend — Inscription. 

Motto— "In God We Trust." 

Exergue — Lower portion beneath the Type and sep- 
arated by a horizontal line. 

Symbols — Small objects either in Field or Exergue. 

Fillet Head- — "Liberty" head, hair tied with band. 

Flowing Hair — "Liberty" head, turban bearing 
word LIBERTY. 

Lettered Edge — Inscription on edge of coin. 

Milled Edge — Milled, or ribbed edge. 

Thick Die— Usually has lettering on edge. 

Thin Die — No lettering on edge. 

Overdate — Engraving one figure over another. 

Pattern — Samples or patterns, but never circulated. 

Restrikes — Struck from original dies at period later 
than date on coin ; found only on the early coins. 



!tftf|ittff|f iff prrf if iii|iiif f iiiijtt it f iiiipiiiiiif f (iiiiisiti|tiii ti f i tiiiitjiif i|iKii|f iisiiiif f 

w W *> ** so '** 40 ** »> ' ** eo ** TO 80 90 100 

{Millimetres) 
MILLIMETER SCALE. 



16 National Coin Book 

MONETARY SYSTEM (GOLD AND SILVER) 
OF THE UNITED STATES 

In 1786 the Congress of the Confederation chose 
as the monetary unit of the United States the dollar 
of 375.64 grains of pure silver. This unit had its 
origin in the Spanish piaster or milled dollar, which 
constituted the basis of the metallic circulation of 
the English colonies in America. It was never 
coined, there being at that time no mint in the 
United States. 

The Constitution of the United States recites 
(Article 1, Section 8) : The Congress shall have 
power ... to coin money, regulate the value there- 
of and of foreign coins ... to provide for the pun- 
ishment of counterfeiting the securities and current 
coins of the United States. (Article 1, Section 2) : 
No State shall . . ..coin money, emit bills of credit, 
make anything but gold and silver coin a tender in 
payment of debts . . . 

The Act of April 2, 1792, established the first 
monetary system of the United States and a mint 
was established. The coinage of gold and silver 
was unlimited and there was no mint charge. The 
ratio of gold to silver in coinage was 1 to 15. The 
standard was double. 

The Act of 1792 undervalued gold, which was 
therefore exported. Act of 1834, which was passed 
to remedy this, undervalued silver, which then was 
exported. 

The Act of 1837 was passed to make the fine- 
ness of the gold and silver uniform. Silver con- 
tinued to be exported. 



AVlLKINSBURG, Pa., U. S. A. 17 

The Act of 1873 provided that the unit of value 
of the United States should be the gold dollar of 
the standard weight of 25.8 grains. 

The Act of 1878 directed the coinage of silver 
dollars of the weight of 412% grains troy, of stand- 
ard silver. 

The Act of 1900 makes it the duty of the Sec- 
retary of the United States "to maintain at a parity 
of value with the standard unit of value (the dol- 
lar consisting of 25.8 grains of gold 0.900 fine), all 
forms of money issued or coined by the United 
States." 



18 National Coin Book 

THE UNITED STATES MINT 

is located in Philadelphia, Pa., and was established 
April 6, 1792, the first coins (cents and half-cents) 
being struck the succeeding year. 

The First Director of the Mint, David Ritten- 
house, was appointed in 1792. 

The First Engraver of the Mint, I. Robert 
Scott, was appointed in 1793. 

The First Chief Coiner of the Mint, Henry 
Voight, was appointed in 1793. 

The First Superintendent of the Mint, James 
Pollock, was appointed in 1861. 

The Work at the Mint, up to 1836, was done 
entirely by hand or horse-power. In that year 
steam was introduced. 

The Mints of the United States are under the 
control of a Bureau of the Mint (established in 
1873) at Washington, D. C. 

Mint Marks are small letters usually found on 
the reverse side of the coin, denoting place of mint- 
age. The Philadelphia Mint has no mint mark. 
There are no mint marks F or R. 

The Mint does not buy or sell old coins or 
paper money, nor does it publish or supply any 
information concerning the prices of same. 

The Mint has no pattern pieces for sale. 

Mutilated or Uncurent United States gold and 
silver coin is purchased as bullion only, the gold at 
the rate of $18.60 per ounce troy, and the silver, 
when exceeding the amount of three dollars, at 
market price. 



WlLKINSBURG, Pa., U. S. A. 19 

Proof Coins are struck by hand on a hydraulic 
press and are made only at the Philadelphia Mint, 
and only for the current year. 

Private Medal Dies cannot, under the law, be 
prepared at the Mint, but when the regular business 
of the Mint will permit, medals may be struck from 
dies furnished by individuals, public institutions, 
and incorporated societies at a charge sufficient to 
cover cost of operation and the value of the metal. 

The Unit of Weight in the United States is a 
Troy pound weight obtained from England, a du- 
plicate of the original standard fixed by the com- 
mission of 1758. It is a bronze weight of 5,760 
grains Troy and is kept in a strong safe at the Mint 
in Philadelphia. 



20 National Coin Book 

BRANCH MINTS 



Mint Dis- 

Loeation Mark Organized continued 

New Orleans, La 1838 1910 

Dahlonega, Ga D 1838 1861 

Charlotte, N. C C 1838 1861 

San Francisco, Cal. ... S 1854 

Carson City, Nev CC 1870 1893 

Denver, Colo D 1906 

New Orleans mint was suspended 1861 and re- 
pened 1879. 

Charlotte and Dahlonega mints were for coin- 
age of gold only. 

U. S. SUB-TREASURIES 

are located in Baltimore, Md. ; Boston, Mass. ; Chi- 
cago, 111. ; Cincinnati, 0. ; New Orleans, La. ; New 
York, N. Y. ; St. Louis, Mo. ; San Francisco, Cal. 

U. S. ASSAY OFFICES 

are located in Boise City, Idaho ; Carson City, Nev. : 
Charlotte, N. C. ; Deadwood, S. D. ; Helena, Mont.; 
New York, N. Y.; Salt Lake City, Utah; Seattle, 
Wash.; St. Louis, Mo. 



WlLKINSBURG, Pa., U. S. A. 21 

WEIGHTS OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES 
NOW AUTHORIZED BY LAW 



Denomination. -§*& £ £ * j^*,. ■^S-| , g , g| 

££ hd^ J~£ £«' Q&wd 



Gold Coins. 


Grains. 


Grains. 


Grains. 


: I:- .• 




Double eagle . . . 


... 516 


0.50 


515.50 


900 


1 


Eagle 


, . 258 


.50 


257.50 


900, 


1 


Half eagle 


. . 129 


.25 


128.75 


900 


1 


Quarter eagle . . 


. . 64.5 


.25 


64.25 


900 


1 


Silver Coins. 












Half dollar .... 


. . 192.9 


1.5 


191.40 


900 


' 3 


Quarter dollar . 


. . 96.45 


1.5 


94.95 


900 


3 


Dime 


. . 38.58 


1.5 


37.08 


900 


3 



Minor Coins. 

Five cents (nickel) 77.16 3 74.16 

One cent (bronze) 48 2 46 



* 75 per cent copper, 25 per cent niekdi 

t 95 per cent copper, 5 per cent tin and zinc. 



22 National Coin Book 

MINOR COINS OF THE UNITED STATES 







Standard 




Denomination. 


Metal. 


Weight. 
Grains. 




Five cents 


. . Nickel 


77.16 


Current 


Three cents 


. . Nickel 


30 


Uncurrent 


Two cents 


. Bronze 


96 


Uncurrent 


One cent 


. Copper 


168 


Uncurrent 


One cent 


. . Nickel 


72 


Uncurrent 


One cent 


. Bronze 


48 


Current 


Half cent 


. Copper 


84 


Uncurrent 



All minor coins, excepting the half cent, are 
legal tender for any amount not exceeding twenty- 
five cents in any one payment. 

There is no provision for the redemption of 
mutilated minor coins, but unmutilated minor coins 
may be presented, in sums or multiples of $20, to the 
Treasurer of the United States or to an assistant 
treasurer for redemption or exchange into lawful 
money. 

There are 146 cent pieces to the pound. 



Wilkinsburg, Pa., U. S. A. 23 

Counterfeit Minor Coins. 

Half-cents and Cents have been counterfeited, 
mostly of the rarer dates that command premiums 
among collectors and numismatists. 

Three-cent pieces have been numerously coun- 
terfeited, most of them being cast and of inferior 
quality. 

Five-cent pieces have been counterfeited by 
casting and are very poor. The Five-cent piece of 
1875 is considered the most dangerous; it is struck 
from a die, of the same material as used by the 
mint. 

Owing to its rarity, the nickel cent of 1856 is 
often counterfeited. 




Plate A 



WlLKINSBURG, Pa., U. S. A. 25 

HALF CENTS (Copper) 

Not a legal tender. 

Homage commenced 1703 ; none 1798, 1799, 1801, 
1812 to 1824 inclusive, 1827, 1830, 1837 to 1839: in- 
clusive; discontinued 1857. Total coinage $39-,- 
926.11. 

*1793 Liberty cap 1.00 3,00 

*1794 Liberty cap 25 1:50 

1795 25 LOO 

1796 ■..,.. 5.00 25:00 

1797 Plain edge 25 - .75 

1797 Lettered edge 25 2.50 

1800 10 • :50 

1802 10 1.50 

1803 05 ;.25 

1804 05 .25 

1805 . . .05 .25 

1806 05 .25 

1807 05 .25 

1808 05 .25 

*1809 05 .25 

1810 05 .25. 

1811 10 .75 

1825 05 • .15 

1826 .05 .15 

1828 Twelve stars 05 ta < .15 

1828 Thirteen stars 05 -.15 

1829 :05 « -'.15 

1831 3.00 10.00 

1832 .05 .10 

1833 .05 ::!5o 

1834 .05 '. .10 

1835 ■■'.'05 f \10 



26 National Coin Book 

1836 5.00 12.50 

1840 3.50 10.00 

1841 3.50 10.00 

1842 4.00 12.00 

1843 3.50 10.00 

1844 3.50 10.00 

1845 3.50 10.00 

1846 3.50 10.00 

1847 3.50 10.00 

1848 5.00 10.00 

1849 Small date 3.50 10.00 

*1849 Large date 05 .10 

1850 05 .10 

1851 05 .10 

1852 2.50 7.50 

1853 05 .10 

1854 05 .10 

1855 05 .10 

1856 05 .10 

1857 05 .10 

ONE CENT (Copper) 

Coinage commenced 1793; none 1815 (only cent- 
less year). In 1816 nothing else coined. Coinage 
discontinued 1857. Total coinage, $1,562,887.44. 

"Chain" cents have a bust with flowing hair. On 
reverse is ONE CENT, 1/100, enclosed in a chain of 
fifteen links, typifying the number of States then 
in the Union. 

1793 Wreath 1.50 3.50 

*1793 Chain ; AMERICA 2.00 5.00 

*1793 Chain ; AMERT 3.00 10.00 

1793 Libertv can 3.00 10.00 



Wilkinsburg, Pa., U. S. A. 27 

*1794 Liberty cap (numerous varieties) .25 2.00 

1795 25 1.50 

*1796 (numerous varieties) 25 2.00 

1797 25 1.00 

1798 05 .50 

•1799 5.00 25.00 

1800 05 .25 

1801 05 .25 

1802 05 .25 

1803 05 .25 

1804 3.50 20.00 

1805 05 .50 

1806 05 .50 

1807 05 .25 

1808 Twelve stars, head to left 05 .25 

*1808 Thirteen stars 10 .50 

1809 25 1.50 

1810 05 .25 

1811 25 1.50 

1812 05 .10 

1813 ' 05 .25 

1814 05 .10 

1816 .10 

181.7 Thirteen stars .10 

1817 Fifteen stars 10 .50 

1818 .10 

1819 .10 

1820 10 

1821 05 .15 

1822 10 

1823 15 1.00 

5324 .25 

1825 2S 

1826 25 



28 National Coin Book 

1827 

1828 

1829 ,< .........: 

1830 , .- 

1831 

1832 tso 

1833 ,;r 

1834 ;. 

1835 

1836 , 

1837 ft 

1838 ?,r 

1839 

1840 i 

1841 :'..' 

1842 

1843 

1844 

1845 

1846 ( 

1847 h 

1848 

1849 

1850 ......" 

1851 

1852 

1853 

1854 

1855 

1856 

1857 




Plate B 



30 National Coin Book 

ONE CENT (Nickel) 

Coinage commenced 1857 ; discontinued 1864. 
Total coinage $2,007,720. 

*1856 Flying eagle 3.50 7.50! 

1857 Flying eagle No premium 

1858 Flying eagle No premium 

1859 to 1864 Indian head No premium 

ONE CENT (Bronze) 

Coinage commenced 1864, Philadelphia Mint 
only. In 1908 coinage extended to San Francisco 
Mint ; in 1911 to Denver Mint. 

1871 .05 

1872 .05 

1877 05 .15 

1909 Lincoln V. D. B No premium 

TWO CENTS (Bronze) 

The first coin to bear the motto "In God Wf 
Trust." Coinage commenced 1864; discontinued 
1873. Total coinage $921,020. 

1864 Small motto .05 .25 

1864 Large motto .05 , 

1865 " " .05 

1866 " " .05 1 

1867 " " .01 

1868 " " .05 

1869 " " .05 

1870 " " .05 

1871 l J " .05 

1872 " " .Proofs only .15 

1873 " " Proofs onlv 1.25 



WlLKINSBURG, Pa., U, S. A. 31 

THREE CENTS (Nickel) 

Coinage commenced 1865 ; discontinued 1889. 
Total coinage $941,349.48. 

1865 to 1876 Proofs only .10 

1877 Proofs only 75 1.50 

1878 to 1889 Proofs only .10 

FIVE CENTS (Nickel) 

Coinage commenced 1866. New pattern in 1883, 
first without, afterwards with CENTS. Design 
changed 1913. First coinage at San Francisco and 
Denver mints in 1912. 

1866 to 1876 Proofs only .10 

1877 Proofs only 1.00 2.50 

*1883 With or without CENTS No premium 

All other dates, proofs only .10 



32 National Coin Book 

SILVER COINS OF THE UNITED STATES 





Standard Legal 




Denomination 


Weight Tender 
Grains For 




Standard dollar 


412.5 Unlimited amount Current 


Trade dollar 


420. Not legal tender 


Uncurrent 


Lafayette dollar 


412.5 Unlimited amt. 


Uncurrent 


Half dollar 


192.9 Ten dollars 


Current 


Columbia half 


192.9 Ten dollars 


Uncurrent 


Quarter dollar 


96.45 Ten dollars 


Current 


Columbia quarter 96.45 Ten dollars 


Uncurrent 


Twenty-eents 


77.16 Five dollars 


Uncurrent 


Dime 


38.58 Ten dollars 


Current 


Half-dime 


19.2 Five dollars 


Uncurrent 


Three-cents 


11.52 Five dollars 


Uncurrent 



U. S. MINT TEST FOR SILVER COINS 

Nitrate of silver 24 grains 

Nitric acid 30 drops 

Water 1 ounce 

As edge of coin is part most worn, scrape slight- 
ly, and apply a drop of liquid; no effect on genuine 
coin. If counterfeit, will immediately turn black. 
This test should conform with diameter, thickness 
and weight. 



WlLKINSBURG., Pa., U. S. A. 33 

GENERAL INFORMATION RESPECTING 
SILVER COINS 

The First Deposit of silver bullion ("coins of 
Prance," amounting to $80,715,735) with the Mint 
at Philadelphia, was made on July 18, 1794, by the 
Bank of Maryland. 

The Alloy in silver is pure copper. 

The Coining Value in standard silver dollars 
of an ounce of pure silver is $1.2929, and the coin- 
ing value of an ounce of standard silver is $1.1636. 

One Thousand Dollars in standard silver dollars 
weigh 58.92 pounds avoirdupois. 

The Space required for the storing of one mil- 
lion standard silver dollars is 250 cubic feet. 

Standard Silver Dollars, being standard coins 
of the United States, are not "redeemable. 7 ' 

Subsidiary Silver Coins are those silver coins 
of a lesser denomination than the silver dollar. 
They may be presented, in sums of multiples of $20, 
to the Treasurer of the United States or to an as- 
sistant treasurer for redemption or exchange into 
lawful money. 

Mutilated Silver Coins are worth their intrinsic 
value only. 

Seigniorage is the profit arising from the coin- 
age of silver bullion, being the difference between 
the actual cost of the bullion and the face value of 
the coin. 

"Sixteen to One" means that the mint value 
of 16 ounces of silver shall be equal to the mint 
value of one ounce of gold. 

Free and Unlimited Coinage of silver means the 
right of any person to deposit standard silver bul- 



34 National Coin Book 

lion in any amount at the mints of the United States 
and have it coined at the expense of the Govern- 
ment, such depositor to receive in return silver coins 
containing in the aggregate the same weight of fine 
silver as brought to the mint. 

Unlimited Coinage means that the coinage may 
be unlimited without being entirely free. It would 
be unlimited if any owner of bullion had the right 
to deposit it at the mint and have it converted into 
coins without any restriction as to the amount. 

COUNTERFEIT SILVER COINS 

And How to Detect Them. 

Counterfeit silver coins are usually cast in 
molds and lack the sharpness and clear-cut appear- 
ance of the genuine. But when struck from dies, 
the lettering, milling and general appearance arc 
so good as to make them dangerous. The most 
dangerous is of the dollar, made of a composition 
of antimony and lead, heavily plated, with fair ring 
and general fine appearance. 

Some of the smaller coins are made of brass, 
struck from a die, and when heavily plated pass 
freely. 

Type-metal, lead and other compositions are 
aho used for counterfeiting and are usually much 
lighter than genuine. 

The Quarter and Half Dollars of 1853 without 
arrow heads and sun rays are often counterfeited. 
When in doubt, submit to a responsible coin dealer. 

When in doubt as to genuineness of any silver 
coin apply the acid test. 



TABLE SHOWING VALUE OF PURE SILVER IN 
A STANDARD SILVER DOLLAR 

(The price of silver fluctuates daily.) 



Price of 

Silver 

Per Fine 

Ounce. 


Value of 

Pure Silver 

in a Silver 

Dollar. 


Price of 

Silver 

Per Fine 

Ounce. 


Value of 1 
Pure Silver 
in a Silver 
Dollar. 


Price of 

Silver 

Per Pine 

Ounce. 


Value of 

Pure Silver 

in a Silver 

Dollar. 


$0.50 


$0,387 


$0.77 


$0,596 


$1.04 


$0,804 


.51 


.394 


.78 


.603 


1.05 


.812 


.52 


.402 


.79 


.611 


1.06 


.820 


.53 


.410 


.80 


.619 


1.07 


.828 


.54 


.418 


.81 


.626 


1.08 


.835 


.55 


.425 


.82 


.634 


1.09 


.843 


.56 


.433 


.83 


.642 


1.10 


.851 


.57 


.441 


.84 


.650 


1.11 


.859 


.58 


.449 


.85 


.657 


1.12 


.866 


.59 


.456 


.86 


.665 


1.13 


.874 


.60 


.464 


.87 


.673 


1.14 


.882 


.61 


.472 


.88 


.681 


1.15 


.889 


.62 


.480 


.89 


.688 


1.16 


.897 


.63 


.487 


.90 


.696 


1.17 


.905 


.64 


.495 


.91 


.704 


1.18 


.913 


.65 


.503 


.92 


.712 


1.19 


.920 


.66 


.510 


.93 


.719 


1.20 


.928 


.67 


.518 


.94 


.727 


1.21 


.936 


.68 


.526 


.95 


.735 


1.22 


.944 


.69 


.534 


.96 


.742 


1.23 


.951 


.70 


.541 


.97 


.750 


1.24 


.959 


.71 


.549 


.98 


.758 


1.25 


.967 


.72 


.557 


.99 


.766 


1.26 


.975 


.73 


.565 


1.00 


.773 


1.27 


.982 


.74 


.572 


1.01 


.781 


1.28 


.990 


.75 


.580 


1.02 


.789 


1.29 


.998 


.76 


.588 


1.03 


.797 


*1.2929 


1.00 



Parity. 



36 



National Coin Book 



TABLE SHOWING VALUE OF PURE SILVER IN 
CURRENT SILVER COINS 



Price 
of 


Dollar 


Half 
Dollar 


Quarter 
Dollar 


Dime 


Silver 


.7732 


.360+ 


.179 


.072+ 


per Oz. 


ounces 


ounces 


ounces 


ounces 


$0.48 
.49 


$0.3711 

.3788 


$0.1728 
.1764 


$0.0859 
.0877 


$0.0345 
.0352 


.50 


.3866 


.1800 


.0895 


.0360 


.51 


.3943 


.1836 


.0912 


.0367 


.52 


.4020 


.1872 


.0930 


.0374 


.53 


.4097 


.1908 


.0948 


.0381 


.54 


.4175 


.1944 


.0966 


.0388 


.55 


.4252 


.1980 


.0984 


.0396 


.56 


.4329 


.2016 


.1002 


.0403 


.57 


.4407 


.2052 


.1020 


.0410 


.58 


.4484 


.2058 


.1038 


.0417 


.59 


.4561 


.2124 


.1056 


.0424 


.60 


.4639 


.2160 


.1074 


.0432 




Plate C 



38 National Coin Book 

THREE CENTS (Trimes) 

Coinage commenced 1851 ; discontinued 1873. 
Total coinage $1,282,087.20. 

•1851 to 1862 Star and shield 

1863 Star and shield .25 

1864 Star and shield 50 

1865 to 1872 Star and shield 25 

1873 Star and shield . .50 

HALF DIMES (Five Cents) 

Coinage commenced 1794; none 1798, 1799, 

1804, 1806 to 1828 inclusive; discontinued 1873. 
Total coinage $4,880,219.40. 

*1794 Flowing hair 1.00 3.50 

1795 Flowing hair 50 1.00 

1796 Fillet head 1.50 5.00 

1797 Thirteen stars 1.00 2.50 

1797 Fifteen stars 1.00 2.00 

1797 Sixteen stars 1.00 1.50 

1800 25 1.50 

1801 50 2.00 

1802 30.00 50.00 

1803 1.00 2.50 

1805 1.50 3.50 

*1838 No stars .15 

1846 Stars, Liberty seated 50 1.00 

1864 25 .50 

1865 .15 

1866 .15 

1867 .15 

Small premium on other dates in proof condition. 




Plate D 



40 



National Coin Book 



DIMES (Ten Cents) 

Coinage commenced 1796, none 1799, 1806, 1808, 
1810, 1812, 1813, 1815 to 1819 inclusive, 1826. 



1796 
1797 
1797 

*1798 
1800 
1801 
1802 
1803 
1804 
1805 
1807 

*1809 
1811 
1814 
1820 
1821 
1822 
1823 
1824 
1828 
1846 
1894 



Fillet head 1.00 

Thirteen stars 2.00 

Sixteen stars 2.00 



Fillet head 



Head to left. 



1.50 

1.50 

1.50 

2.00 

1.00 

5.00 

.25 

.25 

.50 

.25 



1.00 



Libertv seated 25 

S . . 10.00 



TWENTY CENTS 

Coinage commenced 1875 ; discontinued 
Total coinage $271,000. 

1875 

1876 25 

1877 Proofs only 75 

1878 Proofs only 75 



2.50 

5.00 

5.00 

3.00 

3.00 

3.00 

4.50 

3.50 

25.00 

.50 

.75 

1.50 

.75 

.25 

.15 

.15 

2.50 

.25 

.25 

.25 

.50 

25.00 



1878. 

.25 
1.00 
1.50 
1.50 



Head to left 35 



WlLKINSBURG, Pa., U. S. A. 41 

QUARTER DOLLARS (Twenty-five Cents) 

Coinage commenced 1796; none 1797 to 1803 
inclusive, 1804 to 1814 inclusive, 1816, 1817, 1829, 
1830. 

1796 Fillet head 
*1804 

1805 

1806 

1807 

1815 

1818 

1819 

1820 

1821 

1822 

1823 

1824 

1825 

1827 

1828 '"' • 

1831 to 1838 

1853 



1.50 


5.00 


1.00 


3.50 




.35 




.35 




.35 


.35 


.50 




.30 




.30 




.35 




.30 




.35 


25.00 


40.00 


.35 


.75 




.35 


30.00 


50.00 




.30 




.30 



1853 



No arrows at sides of date, no 

rays around eagle 1.00 3.50 

With arrows and rays No premium 

SOUVENIR QUARTER DOLLAR 




The Columbia or Isabella quarter dollar was 
coined for the World's Fair, Chicago, 111., and is 
the only United States coin bearing the head of a 



42 



National Coin Book 



foreign ruler. Is a legal tender. Total coinage 
$10,000. 
1893 (only year) .50 



HALF DOLLARS (Fifty Cents) 



1800, 
*1794 
1795 
1796 
1796 
1797 
1801 
1802 
1803 
1805 
1807 
1807 
1808 
1809 
1810 
1811 
1812 
1813 
1814 
1815 
1836 
1836 
1 838 
1839 
1853 

1851 
1852 
1853 



oinage commenced 1794; none 1798, 1799 
1804, 1816. 

Flowing hair 

Flowing hair 

Fillet head. 15 stars 

1 6 stars 



. 2.00 
. .75 
.20.00 
.15.00 
.20.00 
. 1.50 
. 2.00 



Head to left. . 
Head to right. 
Head to left . . 



1.00 



Milled edge 

Lettered edge 

O between bust and date... 

to 1850 

Xo arrows at • sides of date, 

rays around eagle 

Libertv seated 



5.00 

1.25 

50.00 

40.00 

35.00 

3.50 

3.00 

.75 

.75 

.55 

2.50 

.55 

.55 

.55 

.55 

.55 

.55 

.55 

3.00 

2.00 



no 



With arrows and rays. 



. 1.00 
. 1.25 
. No premium 
. 7.50 25.00 
.55 

.25.00 35.00 

.75 

. .75 1.00 

. No premium 



WlLKINSBURG, Pa., U. S. A. 

SOUVENIR HALF DOLLARS 



43 




The Columbian half dollar was coined for the 
World's Fair, Chicago, ILL Is a legal tender. Total 
coinage $2,500,000. 

1892 . No premium 

1893 No premium 

DOLLARS (100 Cents) 

Coinage commenced 1794, none 1805 to 1837 in- 
clusive, 1874 to 1877 inclusive ; discontinued 1904. 

1794 Flowing hair .25.00 50.00 

1795 Flowing hair 1.50 2.50 

1795 Fillet head 1.50 2.50 

1795 Fillet head, large date 1.50 3.00 

1796 1.50 2.50 

1796 Small date 1.50 2.50 

1797 Six stars right of bust 1.50 2.50 

1797 Seven stars right of bust 1.50 2.25 

1798 Small eagle, 13 stars 2.50 3.50 

1798 Small eagle, 15 stars 2.00 3.50 

1798 Large eagle, 13 stars 1.25 1.50 

1799 Five stars right of bust 1.50 2.50 

1799 Six stars right of bust 1.50 



44 



National Coin Book 



1800 1.75 

1801 1.75 

1802 1.75 

1803 Large 3 , . 1.50 3.00 

1803 Small 3 1.50 2.50 

1804 




Conflicting stories are current respecting this 
celebrated dollar. One, that the entire coinage was 
aboard a vessel which was sunk in the Mediterran- 
ean Sea and the entire cargo lost. Another, a doubt 
that any dollars were struck during this year, the 
belief being that dollars bearing this date were 
struck years after, hence those in existence are 
"restrikes." Another disposes of the question by 
stating "all are restrikes or frauds." It is gen- 
erally believed that not more than a dozen genuine 
"restrikes" are in existence. The dies were de- 
stroyed in 1869. 

The finest known specimen was sold at auction 
in Philadelphia. 1907, for $3,600. 



Wilkixsburg. Pa.. U. S. A. 



45 



1836 

1836 

U838 
1839 
1851 

1852 
1854 

1855 
1856 
1857 

1858 
1866 
1895 
1904 



Liberty 

base 
Liberty 

base . 
Liberty 



seated ; Gobrecht below 
seated ; Gobrecht on 
seated, plain edge. 



.10.00 20.00 



Without motto 
Proofs only . . . 
Proofs onlv . . . 



. 5.00 
.25.00 
.20.00 
.15.00 
.15.00 
. 1.50 
. 1.50 
. 1.25 

.10.00 
. 2.50 



7.50 

50.00 

35.00 

30.00 

30.00 

2.50 

2.50 

2.00 

1.50 

17.50 

5.00 

2.00 

1.50 



TRADE DOLLARS. 

Authorized by Act of February 12. 1873; in- 
tended for circulation in Oriental countries as a 
substitute for the Mexican dollar. Regular coin- 
age commenced 1874: discontinued 1883; demonet- 
ized February 19, 18S7. For six months following 
demonetization they could be exchanged at the 
Treasury or any sub-treasury, dollar for dollar, for 
standard silver dollars or subsidiary coin. Since 
then they have been purchased as bullion when pre- 
sented at the mints. 

Total coinage, $35,965,924. 
"Anv date. Proof condition onlv 1.00 



46 



National Coin Book 
SOUVENIR DOLLAR 




The Lafayette dollar, issued to commemorate 
the unveiling, in Paris, of the equestrian statute 
erected by the youth of America to General La- 
fayette, was struck in 1899, the date (1900) on the 
coin being that of the unveiling of the memorial. 
It is a legal tender for its face value, and all pro- 
visions of law apply to it that are applicable to the 
standard silver dollar. 



Amount coined. $50,000. 
1900 



1.25 



Wilkinsburg, Pa., U. S. A. 47 

GOLD COINS OF THE UNITED STATES 





Standard 




Denomination 


Weight. 
Grains 




Double Eagle ... $20.00 


516 *t 


Current 


Eagle 10.00 


258 g § 
129 ^ § 


Current 


Half Eagle 5.00 


Current 


Three Dollars . . 3.00 


77.4 ^ «< 


Uncurrent 


Quarter Eagle . . 2.50 


64.5 h3 


Current 


One Dollar ..... 1.00 


25.8 ££ 


Uncurrent 


St. Louis Dollar 1.00 


25.8 ? 'g 


Uncurrent 


Lewis & Clarke 


tjo^z; 




Dollar 1.00 


25.8 j£ 


Uncurrent 



U. S. MINT TEST FOR GOLD COINS 

Strong nitric acid 6 1 /2 drachms 

Muriatic acid 15 drops 

Water 5 drachms 

Apply same as silver test. 



48 National Coin Book 

GENERAL INFORMATION RESPECTING GOLD 
COINS 

The First Deposit of gold bullion for coinage, 
made with the Mint at Philadelphia, was by Moses 
Brown, a Boston merchant, on February 12, 1795. 
It was of gold ingots, worth $2,276.72, which was 
paid for in silver coins. 

The Alloy in gold coins is pure copper. 

The Pure Gold in gold coins is worth the face 
value of the coin, the alloy is never reckoned. 

The Coining Value of an ounce of pure gold 
is $20.67183, and the coining value of* an ounce of 
standard gold is $18.60465. 

One Thousand Dollars in gold coin weighs 3.68 
pounds avoirdupois. 

Free and Unlimited Coinage of gold exists in 
the United States. Standard gold bullion may be 
deposited at the mints in any amount, to be coined 
for the benefit of the depositor, without charge for 
coinage; but when other than standard bullion is 
received for coinage a charge is made for parting, 
or for refining, or for alloy, as the case may be. 

Parting is the separation of any silver which 
may be contained in the bullion. 

Refining is the elimination from the bullion of 
all base metals. 

Refusal of gold bullion of less value than $100, 
or when it is too base for coinage, may be lawfully 
made at the mints. 

Gold Coins, being standard coins of the United 
States, are not "redeemable." 



Wilkinsburg, Pa., U. S. A. 49 

COUNTERFEIT GOLD COINS 
And How to Detect Them. 



The most dangerous counterfeits are those 
struck from dies. They have a fine appearance, 
lettering and milling being sharp and clear, and 
the ring usually good. Many are full weight. Those 
cast in molds are much inferior to the die-made 
counterfeits, lacking the sharp, clear-cut appear- 
ance of the genuine coin. Among the most danger- 
ous are those of a composition of gold, silver and 
copper. 

Gold coins are tampered with in various ways. 
When "sweating" is resorted to, a portion of gold 
is removed from the surface. This process does not 
interfere with the ring and the coin is left with a 
fair appearance, the weight only being defective. 

"Plugging" is done by boring holes in the 
coin from the edge, extracting the gold, and fill- 
ing the cavity with a cheaper material. The spot 
is then covered with gold and re-reeded with a file 
or other tool. Such coins are very dangerous. 

"Filling" is done by sawing the coin through 
from the edge, removing a portion of the interior, 
and refilling with a cheaper material. When the 
edges have been covered with gold and re-reeded, 
the coin has every appearance of being genuine. 

AVhen in doubt, apply acid test; also test by 
weight, diameter and thickness. 




Plate E 



WlLKINSBURG. Pa., U. S. A. 51 

DOLLARS 

Smallest coin ever issued by the United States 
Government. 

Coinage — small size, 1849 to 1854 inclusive; 
large size, 1854 to 1889 inclusive. Total coinage 
$19,499,337, 

1863 5.00 10.00 

1864 5.00 10.00 

1865 2.50 7.50 

1866 2.50 5.00 

1867 2.50 5.00 

1868 2.50 5.00 

1869 2.50 5.00 

1870 2.25 3.00 

1871 2.25 3.00 

1872 2.25 3.00 

1875 10.00 25.00 

1876 2.00 2.50 

1877 2.25 2.75 

1880 1.50 2.00 

1881 1.50 2.00 

1882 1.50 2.00 

1883 1.50 2.00 

1884 1.50 2.00 

1885 1.50 2.00 

1886 1.50 2.00 

1887 1.50 2.00 

1888 1.50 2.00 

1889 1.50 2.00 

All other dates 1.50 1.75 



52 National Coin Book 

SOUVENIR DOLLARS 

Jefferson and McKinley. 




One with Jefferson head, and one with McKin- 
ley head, struck for the Louisiana Purchase Expo- 
sition, St. Louis. Mo., 1904. The coins bear no 
date and were struck as follows : 1902, $75,000 ; 
1903, $175,000; total coinage $250,000. 

McKinley 2.00 

Jefferson 2.00 

Lewis and Clarke. 
Struck for the Lewis and Clarke Exposition. 
Portland. Oregon. Total coinage $60,000.00. 

1904 1.50 

1905 1.50 

QUARTER EAGLES ($2.50) 

Coinage commenced 1796. none 1799, 1800, 
1801, 1803, 1809 to 1820, 1822, 1823, 1828. 

Unless artifically reduced in weight should 
continue current for fifteen years from date of 
coinage. 

1796 No stars 7.50 17.50 

1796 Stars 10.00 20.00 

1797 10.00 20.00 

1798 8.00 12.50 

1802 3.50 5.00 

1804 3.50 5.00 

1805 ' 3.50 5.00 

1806 5.00 10.00 

1807 3.50 5.00 



Wilkinsburg, Pa., U. S. A. 53 

1808 3.50 5.00 

1823 5.00 10.00 

1824 4.00 7.00 

1825 3.50 6.50 

1826 15.00 35.00 

1827 6.00 10.00 

1829 3.00 4.50 

1830 3.00 4.50 

1831 . 3.00 4.50 

1832 3.00 4.50 

1833 3.00 4.50 

1834 E PLUKIBUS UNUM over eagle 7.50 15.00 
1842 No mint mark 10.00 15.00 

1863 No mint mark 10.00 15.00 

1875 No mint mark 10.00 15.00 

Small premium on some other dates in very 
fine condition. 

THREE DOLLARS 

Coinage commenced 1854 ; discontinued 1889. 
Total coinage $1,619,376. 

1858 3.50 5.00 

1864 3.50 5.00 

1865 3.50 5.50 

1866 3.50 5.50 

1867 3.50 5.50 

1869 3.50 5.00 

1873 10.00 17.50 

1875 25.00 35.00 

1876 17.50 25.00 

1877 5.00 8.50 

1881 3.50 5.50 

All other dates in fine condition 3.75 



54 Xation.il Coin Book 

HALF EAGLES ($5.00) 

Coinage commenced 1795, none 1801, 1816, 

1817. Unless artificially reduced in weight should 
continue current for twenty years from date of 
coinage. 

-1795 Small eagle 7.50 12.50 

1795 Large eagle 12.50 25.00 

1796 10.00 17.50 

1797 Small eagle, 16 stars 15.00 25.00 

1797 Large eagle. 16 stars 15.00 25.00 

1797 Fifteen stars 15.00 30.00 

1798 Small eagle 50.00 75.00 

1798 Large eagle 6.00 8.00 

1799 6.00 8.50 

1814 6.50 8.00 

1815 250.00 500.00 

1818 7.00 10.00 

1819 50.00 100.00 

1820 7.00 10.00 

1821 17.50 25.00 

1822 500.00 1000.00 

1823 8.00 12.50 

1821 15.00 30.00 

1825 10.00 20.00 

1826 10.00 20.00 

1827 15.00 30.00 

1828 15.00 35.00 

1829 Large date 50.00 75.00 

1829 Small date 10.00 65.00 

1830 10.00 15.00 

1831 10.00 15.00 

1832 20.00 35.00 

1833 10.00 12.50 



Wilkinsburg, Pa., U. S. A. 55 

1834 E PLURIBUS UNUM over 

eagle 6.50 10.00 

1834 Without motto No premium 

Small premium on some not mentioned, if in 
fine condition. 

EAGLES ($10.00) 

Coinage commenced 1795, none 1802. 1805 to 
1837 inclusive. Unless artificially reduced in weight 
should continue current for thirty-five years from 
date of coinage. 

*1795 12,00 15.00 

1796 12.50 17.50 

1797 Small eagle ■ 15.00 22.50 

1797 Large eag]e 11.50 12.50 

1798 15.00 25.00 

1799 10.50 12.00 

1800 11.00 12.00 

1801 11.00 12.00 

1803 11.00 12.50 

1804 12.50 15.00 

1838 10.50 12.50 

1907 Wire edge, with periods 15.00 20.00 

1907 Wire edge, without periods. .. .10.50 12.50 

1907 Without motto Xo premium 

Small premium on some not mentioned, if in 
fine condition. 

DOUBLE EAGLES ($20.00) 

Coinage commenced 1849. Unless artifieally re- 
duced in weight should continue current for fifty 
years from date of coinage. 

*1849 Only specimen coined is in the collection 
at the Mint in Philadelphia, and is owned 



56 



National Coin Book 



1907 



by the United States Government. Large 
sums of money have been offered for this 
unique coin but it is not for sale at any 
price. 
Flving eagle, date in Roman numbers 

(MCMVII) 25.00 

PATTERN PIECES 



FOUR DOLLARS 

(Stella) 

Originally intended as an international coin. 

1879 Star on reverse ' 40.00 

1880 Star on reverse 50.00 

FIFTY DOLLARS 




1877 
1877 



13 Stars. 
No Stars. 



Sold in 1909 for $10,000 each, the highest prices 
ever paid for an American coin. 



Wilkinsburg, Pa., U. S. A. 57 

PRIVATE GOLD COINS 

These il coins" were issued by private parties 
in Georgia, the Carolinas, and the Far West, from 
1830 to 1875, the first ones being struck by Temple- 
ton Reid, an assayer, located near the gold mines in 
Lumpkin County, Georgia. 

The pieces never were legal coinage or legal 
tender, although they passed current at a time when 
there occurred a shortage of coins with which to 
transact business. 

In the case of the Far West, the Government 
began negotiations w r ith the firm of Moffatt & Co. 
to have them coin gold for the Treasury of the 
United States, but negotiations came to an end with 
the decision to establish a mint at San Francisco. 

The gold half-dollars and quarter-dollars were 
really miniatures of the Fifty Dollar " slugs' ' and 
were not intended for circulation. Many of these 
are of base metal, thinly coated with gold, and of 
no value at all. 

The issue of private gold coins never was sanc- 
tioned by the United States Government; all such 
coinage is now prohibited. 




Plate F 



Wilkinsburg, Pa.. EL S. A. 59 

QUARTER AND HALF DOLLARS 

All bear premiums according' to variety and 
condition. 

DOLLARS 

Carolina — Bechtler ; 28 G 2.50 

* . . . . Carolina— A. Bechtler ; 27 G 2.50 

X. Carolina— C. Bechtler : 28 G 2.50 

N. Carolina— C. Bechtler : 30 G 2.50 

1849 California— S. F 4.00 

1853 California— Round 3.50 

1854 California— Round 2.50 

*1870-72 California— Round 2.25 

*1853-60 California— Octagon 2.25 

1871-76 California— Indian 2.25 

TWO AND ONE-HALF DOLLARS 

Carolina— Bechtler: 67 G 5.00 7.00 

Carolina 70 G 5.00 7.00 

X. Carolina— C. Bechtler ; 75 G. . 8.00 10.00 

Georgia— Bechtler ; 64 G 5.00 10.00 

1830 Georgia-T. Reid 15.00 25.00 

1848 California— Cal. above eaele . . . 4.00 

1849 California— Pelican Co 6.00 10.00 

*1849 Utah— Clasped hands ; Ere 5.00 10.00 

.... Colorado— J. J. Conway 15.00 25.00 

.... Colorado — John Parsons & Co. .25.00 35.00 

1860 Colorado— Clark & Co 5.00 7.50 

1861 Colorado— Clark. Gruber & Co. 5.00 7.50 



60 National Coin Book 

FIVE DOLLARS 

1849 California— Mass. & Cal. Co. . . . 15.00 25.00 

1849 California— Cinn. Mining & T. 

Co 15.00 25.00 

1849 California— X. G. & N 7,50 12.50 

*1849 California— Pacific Co 15.00 25.00 

1849 California— Moffat & Co. S.M.V. 7.50 15.00 

1850 California— Baldwin & Co 12.50 20.00 

1850 California— Dubosq & Co 15.00 25.00 

1850 California— Moffat & Co 7,50 

1851 California — Shults & Co 15.00 35.00 

1851 Calif ornia— Dunbar & Co 15.00 35.00 

1852 California— W. M. & Co 7,50 15.00 

Carolina— A. Bechtler: 128 G. . 7,50 10.00 

.... Carolina— A. Bechtler: 134 G. . 7,50 10.00 

.... Carolina— A. Bechtler: 141 G. . 7,50 10.00 

*1834 Carolina— C. Bechtler: 140 G. . 7,50 10.00 

1834 Carolina— A. Bechtler 7,50 10.00 

.... N. Carolina— C. Bechtler: 150 G.10.00 12,50 

.... X. Carolina— C. Bechtler 10.00 12.50 

.... Colorado— John. Parsons & Co .. 25.00 40 JO 

.... Colorado— J. J. Conwav & Co. . 20.00 35.00 

*1860 Colorado— Clark & Co 7,50 

1861 Colorado— Clark, Gruber & Co.. 7,50 10.00 

*.... Georgia— C. Bechtler: 128 G. . . 7,50 12,50 

1830 Georgia— Templeton Reid 15.00 22.50 

*1849 Oregon— Oregon Exchange Co.. 15.00 25.00 

1849 Utah— Clasped hands: Eves 7,50 12,50 

1850 Utah— Clasped hands: Eyes.... 7,50 12,50 
*1860 Utah— Lion: Eve and Beehive. .12,50 20.00 



WlLKINSBURG, Pa., U. S. A. 



61 



TEN DOLLARS 

.... California— J. S. 0. ; 10 Dollars. 

.... California-Miner's Bank; Eagle 

1849 California— Cinn. Min'g & T. Co, 

1849 California— Moffat & Co.. ..... . 

1849 California— Pacific Co 

1849 California— Templeton Reid . . . 

1850 Calif ornia— Baldwin & Co 

1850 California— Dubosq & Co 

*1851 California— Baldwin & Co 

1852 California— AY. M. & Co 

1852 Calif ornia— Moffat & Co 

*•! 852 California — Augustus Humbert . 

1852 California— U. S. Assav Office.. 

1853 California— IT. S. Assay Office.. 

1855 California— W. M. & Co 

.... Colorado — J. J. Conway & Co. . 

1860 Colorado— Clark, Gruber & Co.. 

1861 Colorado— Head ; C. G. Co 

.... Georgia — Templeton Reid 

1830 Georgia— Templeton Reid 

1849 Oregon — Oregon Exchange Co.. 

1849 Utah — Clasped hands; Eye 

TWENTY DOLLARS 

1851 Calif ornia— Baldwin & Co 

1852 California — A. Humbert 

1853 California— Moffat & Co 

1853 California— U. S. Assay Office.. 

1854 California — Kellogg & Co 

1855 California — Kellogg & Co 

1855 Calif ornia— W. M. & Co 

*1860 Colorado— Clark, Gruber & Co.. 

1861 Colorado— Clark, Gruber & Co.. 

*1849 Utah— Clasped hands; Eye 



25.00 


40.00 


35.00 


50.00 


30.00 


50.00 




13.50 


25.00 


50.00 


35.00 


50.00 


25.00 


40.00 


25.00 


40.00 


20.00 


35.00 




15.00 




15.00 




12.50 




12.00 




12.50 




13.50 


25.00 


50.00 


15.00 


20.00 




15.00 


20.00 


35.00 


30.00 


50.00 


25.00 


40.00 


20.00 


35.00 


25.00 


50.00 


35.00 


50.00 




22.50 




22.50 




22.50 




22.50 


25.00 


35.00 


35.00 


50.00 


35.00 


50.00 


35.00 


50.00 




STATEASSAYER DW^ 
CARAT CALr 44 — 



18 5 



CTS 
;40.07 



Plate G 



Wilkinsburg, Pa., U. S. A. 63 

TWENTY-FIVE DOLLARS 

*1849 California— Templeton Keid; 

$XXV 50.00 90.00 

FIFTY DOLLARS 

California 

(Octagon) 

*1851 Humbert, 50 in centre j 887 Thous.. 75.00 100.00 

1851 Humbert, without 50; 887 Thous.. 75.00 100.00 

1851 Humbert 75.00 100.00 

1851 Humbert, milled edge ; 887 Thous. 75.00 100.00 

1851 Humbert. 50 in centre ; 880 Thous. 75.00 100.00 

1851 Humbert, without 50 ; 880 Thous.. 75.00 100.00 

1852 Humbert. U.S. Assay ; 887 Thous. 75.00 100.00 

1852 Humbert, 887 Thous 75.00 100.00 

1852 Humbert, 900 Thous 75.00 100.00 

(Round) 
1855 Wass, Molitor & Co. ; 900 Thous.100.00 125.00 
1855 Kellogg & Co. ; 887 Thous 90.00 150.00 

GOLD INGOTS (Oblong) 

California 

.... $9.43 Moffat & Co 15.00 50.00 

16.00 Moffat & Co 25.00 50.00 

1850 36.55 F. D. Kohler 50.00 85.00 

*1850 40.07 F. D. Kohler 70.00 100.00 

1850 45.34 F. D. Kohler 75.00 125.00 

1850 50.00 F. D. Kohler 90.00 150.00 



64 



National Coin Book 
GOLD DOUBLOON 

New York 



1787 Rising Sun; Eagle, E. B. 

Only 6 known, one in the U. S. Mint. Auction 
record of one sold in Philadelphia, in 1907, $6,200.00 




Wilkinsburg, Pa., U. S. A. 65 

NECESSITY MONEY 
(Enclosed Postage Stamps) 

Unused postage stamps with faces protected by 
layer of mica, and enclosed in metal disks bearing 
commercial advertisement. Patented by J. Gault, 
August, 1862, and passed as currency from 1861 to 
1865. 

ONE CENT STAMPS (Blue) 

Aerated Bread Co., New York. 

Arthur M. Claflin, Hopkinton, R. I. 

Bailey & Co., Philadelphia, Pa. 

Dougan, The Hatter, New York. 

Drake's Plantation Bitters. 

G. G. Evans, California Wines. 

J. Gault, Patent Aug. 12, 1862. 

Jas. L. Bates, Boston. 

John Shillito & Co., Cincinnati, Ohio. 

Kilpatrick & Gault. 

L. Hopkins & Co., Cincinnati, Ohio. 

Lord & Taylor, New York. 

Mendum's Family "Wine Store, New York. 

North American Life Insurance Co., New York. 

N. & G. Tavlor Co., Philadelphia. 

S. Steinfeld, New York. 

Schapker & Bussing, Evansville, Ind. 

White, The Hatter, New York. 

TWO CENT STAMPS (Black) 

J. Gault, Pat. Aug. 12, 1862. 



66 National Coin Book 

THREE CENT STAMPS (Red) 

Oyer's Cathartic Pills. 

Bailey & Co., Philadelphia. 

Dougan, The Hatter, New York. 

Ellis, MeAlpine & Co., Cincinnati. 

G. G. Evans, Cincinnati. 

Gage Bros. & Drake, Chicago. 

J. Gault, Pat. Aug. 12, 1862. 

L. Hopkins & Co.. Cincinnati. 

Kilpatrick & Gault. 

Lord & Taylor, New York. 

Mendum's Familv Wine Store, New York. 

N. G. Taylor & Co., Philadelphia, Pa. 

North American Life Insurance Co. 

Pearce, Tolle & Holton, Cincinnati. 

Schapker & Bussing. Evansville, Ind. 

White. The Hatter, New York. 

FIVE CENT STAMPS (Brown) 

Ayer's Sarsaparilla. 

Ellis, MeAlpine & Co., Cincinnati, Ohio. 

Gage Bros. & Clarke, Chicago. 

H. A. Cook, Evansville, Ind. 

Hunt & Nash, New York City. 

Jas. L. Bates, Boston. 

John Shillito & Co., Cincinnati. 

Lord & Taylor, New York City. 

N. G. Taylor & Co., Philadelphia. 

Pearce, Tolle & Holton, Cincinnati. 

Weir & Laramie, Montreal. Canada. 

TEN CENT STAMPS (Green) 

Ayer's Cathartic Pills. 
Bailey & Co., Philadelphia. 



Wilkinsburg, Pa., U. S. A. 67 

Drake's Plantation Bitters. 

Drink Sand's Ale. 

Ellis, McAlpine & Co., Cincinnati. 

H. A. Cook, Evansville, Ind. 

Hunt & Nash, New York City. 

J. Gault, Patent Aug. 12, 1862. 

John Shillito & Co., Cincinnati. 

Lord & Taylor, New York. 

Weir & Laramie, Montreal, Canada. 

TWELVE CENT STAMPS (Black) 

Burnett's Cocaine Kaliston. 

Hunt & Nash, New York. 

J. Gault, Patent Aug. 12th, 1862. 

Kilpatrick & Gault. 

Lord & Taylor, New York. 

TWENTY-FOUR CENT STAMPS (Violet) 

Ellis, McAlpine & Co., Cincinnati. 
J. Gault, Patent Aug. 12th, 1862. 
Kilpatrick & Gault. 
Lord & Taylor, New York. 

THIRTY CENT STAMPS (Orange) 

Burnett's Standard Cooking Extracts. 
J. Gault, Patent Aug. 12th, 1862. 
Kilpatrick & Gault. 
Lord and Taylor^ New York. 

NINETY CENT STAMPS (Blue) 

J. Gault, Patent Aug. 12, 1862. 



68 



National Coin Book 



HARD TIMES TOKENS 

(Jackson Cents) 

Size of large copper cents. Issued 1834 to 1841. 
Mostly copper, some in brass. About 100 varieties. 
None very valuable. 




WAR TOKENS 

Size of small cent, made of copper, brass, white 
metal, and copper-nickel. Privately issued and 
passed "current" during the civil war. None very 
valuable. 




SPIEL MARKS 

Imitation of United States coins, originally is- 
sued as counters. No value. 

FEUCHTW ANGER COINS 

Made of "German silver" by Dr. Lewis Feucht- 
wanger, who tried to have Congress adopt the metal 
for the minor coinage. 

1837 Cent ; eagle on rock holding snake 05 

1837 Three cents; eagle on rock holding snake .50 



WlLKINSBURG, Pa., U. S. A. 

CONFEDERATE COINS 



69 



1860 Half Dollar (restrikes) 3.00 

Struck at New Orleans mint after the seizure 
by the Confederacy. Only about four pieces struck ; 
now very valuable. Restrikes were issued at a 
later date. 




1860 Cent (Token) brass 25 

1861 Dime (Medalet) 5.00 



70 National Coin Book 

EARLY CURRENCY OF NORTH AMERICA 

The scarcity of money in the colonies of North 
America (Spanish-American settlements excepted) 
with which to carry on trade, made it necessary to 
resort to staple products as a means of expressing 
values. In the Southern colonies, especially in Vir- 
ginia, tobacco was extensively used until the enor- 
mous production of the plant restricted its use as 
money. 

Powder and bullets were used as a medium of 
exchange, and in the New England colonies gen- 
erally, fish, furs and grain were accepted in settle- 
ment of private debts and for taxes. Wampum 
(beads formed of the interior part of shells), the 
money of the Indians, was also in use. 

In 1652, in order to relieve the money string- 
ency, a mint was opened in Boston and the "New 
England Shilling, Sixpence and Threepence" were 
struck, the mint continuing operations until 1683, 
never really having been authorized by the Crown. 

Then followed several unsuccessful attempts to 
establish special coinages, until Spanish-American 
silver w T as legalized and the "Spanish Pillar Dol- 
lar," also the "Spanish Milled Dollar" (known as 
"Piece of Eight") became the legal monetary 
unit. From 1775 to 1779, enormous issues of paper 
currency authorized by the Congress, read "pay- 
able in Spanish Milled Dollars," and ground leases 
still exist drawn in the same monetary terms. 



WlLKINSBURG, Pa., U. S. A. 71 

After independence had been achieved in the 
American colonies, steps were taken to establish 
a more staple coinage and, in 1787, a contract was 
awarded James Jarvis whereby he was to coin 
three hundred tons of copper for the National 
Treasury. These coins, known as "Fugios," bear 
the inscription "Mind Your Business," typifying 
the then state of mind of the people. 



72 National, Coin Book 

KEY TO INSCRIPTIONS ON 
COLONIAL COINS 

AUCTORI CONNEC— By authority of Connecticut. 

AUCTORI VERMON.— By authority of Vermont. 

CONFEDERATIO— Confederation. 

ECCE REX— Behold the King. 

E PLURIBUS UNUM— One out of many. 

EXCELSIOR— Higher. 

FUGIO— Time is flying. 

FLOREAT REX— May the king be prosperous. 

GEORGIUS DEI GRATIA REX— George, King, by 

grace of God. 
GEORGIUS TRIUMPHO— George triumphs. 
HIBERNIA— Ireland. 

IMMUNE COLUMBIA— By a free Columbia. 
IMMUNIS COLUMBIA— Free Columbia. 
INDE ET MB— Independence and liberty. 

INIMICA TYRANNIS AMERICANA— America, foe 

of tyranny. 
JUSTITIA— Justice. 
LIBERTAS— Liberty. 
LIBERNATUS LIBERT ATEM DEFENDO — I, a 

freeman, defend liberty. 
NOVA CAESAREA— New Jersey. 
NOVA CONSTELLATIO— New series. 
NOVA EBORAC— New York. 
NON DEPENDENS STATUS — An independent 

state. 



Wilkinsburg, Pa., U. S. A. 73 

NON VI VIRTUTE VI VI— I live by virtue, not by 
force. 

PLEBIS — For the common people. 

QUIESCAT PLEBS— May the common people rest. 

STELLA— Star. 

UTILE DULCI— The agreeable with the useful. 

VERMONTIS RES PUBLIC A— Republic of Ver- 
mont. 

VERMONTIS REPUBLICA — Commonwealth of 
Vermont. 

VIRT ET LIB— Virtue and liberty. 

VOCE POPOLI— By voice of the people. 




Plate H 



Wilkinsburg, Pa., U. S. A. 75 

EARLY AMERICAN COINS 

(Copper unless otherwise specified) 

Carolina 

*1694 Half penny — God Preserve Caro- 
lina 15.00 30.00 

Connecticut 

...... Ill Pence— Axe ; J Cut My Way 

Through ....' 15.00 25.00 

1737 III Pence— Hammers ; Connecti- 
cut 15.00 25.00 

# 1737 III Pence — Hammers; I Am 

Good Copper . . 15.00 25.00 

1737 III Pence— Axe ; J Cut My Way 

Through . . . 15.00 25.00 

•1785, 1786, 1787/ 1788— Mailed bust. . .10 .20 
There are numerous other varieties, of more or 
less value. 

Kentucky 

.... Half penny — Pyramid of stars. .25 .50 

1796 Half penny— Myddleton :. .25 .50 

1796 Half penny— Myddleton (silver) 5.00 10.00 



76 National Coin Book 

Maryland 

*1783 Three pence— Annapolis (silver) 3.00 4.00 
*1783 Six pence— Annapolis (silver) . . 2.00 3.00 
*1783 Shilling— Equal to One Shi. 

(silver) 5.00 

*1783 Shilling— Two doves (silver)... 2.00 
1790 Three pence — Baltimore Town 

(silver) 4.00 

.... IV pence — Lord Baltimore (sil- 
ver) 4.00 

.... VI pence — Lord Baltimore (sil- 
ver) 4.00 

.... XII pence — Lord Baltimore (sil- 
ver) 5.00 

Massachusetts 
(Milled and plain edges) 

*1776 Half penny— Three heads 5.00 

*1787 Half cent— Indian 25 

1787 One cent— Indian 10 

1788 Half cent— Indian 25 

1788 One cent— Indian 10 

1652 III Pence— Pine tree (silver) . . . 2.00 

1652 VI Pence — Pine tree (silver) ... 2.50 

*1652 XII Pence— Pine tree (silver) . . 3.00 

1652 II Pence— Oak tree (silver) .... 1.00 

1652 III Pence— Oak tree (silver) . . . 1.50 

1652 VI Pence— Oak tree (silver) . . . 2.00 

*1652 XII Pence— Oak tree (silver) . . 2.50 



Wilkinsburg, Pa., U. S. A. 77 

New England 

*'. . . . Ill Pence— N. E. (silver) 7.50 15.00 

.... VI Pence— N. E. (silver) 10.00 20.00 

*, . . . XII Pence— N. E. (silver) 10.00 20.00 

New Hampshire 

1776 Half penny— American Liberty. 5.00 10.00 
1776 Half penny— Liberty American. 3.00 5.00 

New Jersey 

(Nova Caesarea) 

*1786 Cent— Shield. Date below plow .10 .25 

1787 Cent — Horse head. Date below 

plow 10 .25 

1788 Cent— Horse head, (left) 50 1.00 

These cents embrace several varieties. 




Plate I 



Wilkinsburg, Pa,, U. S. A. 79 

New York 

(Nova Eboracs) 

.... Cent — New Yorke in America 

(brass) 3.00 5.00 

.... Cent — New Yorke in America 

(lead) 3.00 5.00 

1786 Cent— Non Vi Virtute Vici 10.00 35.00 

1787 Cent— Eagle on globe 10.00 20.00 

*1787 Cent— Arms of New York. ..... 3.00 5.00 

1787 Cent— George Clinton 3.00 5.00 

1787 Cent— Justice ; Eagle 1.00 3.50 

1787 Cent— Liberty to right 10 .25 

1794 Cent— Talhot, Alum & Lee 15 .30 

Rosa Americana 

Two pence— Utile Dulci 25 1.00 

1722 Half penny— Utile Dulci 25 1.50 

1722 Penny— Utile Dulci 25 1.00 

1722 Two pence— Ytile Dvlci 50 1.50 

1723 Half penny— Crowned rose 25 1.00 

1723 Half penny — Uncrowned rose. . . .25 1.50 

1723 Penny— Crowned rose .25 1.00 

1723 Two pence — Crowned rose..... .25 1.00 

1724 Penny— Utile Dulci 2.50 7.50 

1733 Two pence— Rose 10.00 25.00 



80 National Coin Book 

Sommer Islands 




Supposed to have been coined in 1616. 

Ill Pence (copper) Boar; ship. .15.00 35.00 

VI Pence (copper) Boar; ship. .15.00 35.00 

XII Pence (copper) Boar; ship. 15.00 40.00 

Pound (gold) Boar; ship, 150.00 200.00 

Vermont 

1785 Cent — Justice ; Immune Columbia 1.00 2.50 

1785 Cent— Eye in Sun 50 .75 

1786 Cent— Bust; Vermon Auctori. . . .15 .30 
. 1787 Cent— Bust; Vermon Auctori. . . .15 .30 

1787 Cent— Brittannia 15 .30 

1788 Cent— Bust; Vermon Auctori. . . .10 .15 

Virginia 

*1773 Half penny 10 .25 

1773 Penny 15 .35 

1774 Half penny 15 .35 

1774 Penny 25 .50 

1774 Shilling (silver) 15.00 35.00 



WlLKINSBURG, Pa., U. S. A. 

WASHINGTON PIECES 



81 




1791 
1795 

1783 
1783 

1783 
1784 
1787 
1791 
1791 
1792 
1792 
1792 
1792 
1792 



1792 
1792 

1792 



Copper Half Pennies 

Bust ; Ship, Liverpool 3.50 

Bust ; Liberty and Security 2.50 

Copper Cents 

Bust ; Unity States 25 

Bust ; Wash. & Ind. ; Liberty 

seated 25 

Bust ; Military dress 15 

Bust ; Chain, 13 rings . 3.00 

Bust ; Wash. & Indep .50 

Bust ; Large eagle, 8 stars 1.25 

Bust ; Small eagle, 8 stars 1.00 

Bust; U. S. of A. on edge 75 

Geo. Ill; Small eagle, 6 stars. . .25 

Bust; Small eagle, 6 stars 3.50 

Bust ; Large eagle, 13 stars .... 2.50 

Bust ; American Armies 5.00 

Bust ; North Wales 25 

Bust ; Success to U. S. (brass) . .50 
Large eagle, 13 stars (silver)... 7.50 
Bust; Eagle, 15 stars (copper 

half dollar) 3.50 

Bust; Eagle, 15 stars (silver 

half dollar) 20.00 



7.50 
5.00 

.50 

.50 

.25 
5.00 

.75 
2.50 
1.50 
1.00 

.50 

7.50 

5.00 

10.00 

.75 

1.00 

12.50 

7.50 

35.00 




Plate J 



Wilkinsburg, Pa., U. S. A. 83 

CONTINENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PIECES 

Issued before the establishment of the regular 
United States Mint. 

The first authorized United States coin was the 

Fugio or Franklin cent. They are all dated 1787. 

*1783 Cent— Libertas Justitia 15 .25 

1785 Cent— Const elation 15 .25 

*1785 Cent — U. S. in script 15 .25 

1785 Cent — Immunis Columbia 5.00 7.50 

*1785 Cent — Inimica Tyrannis 7.50 15.00 

1786 Cent— Const elatio; U. S. in Ro- 

man letters 15 .25 

*1786 Cent— Eagle; E Pluribus Unum. 1.50 3.50 

1786 Cent — Immunis Columbia 2.50 5.00 

1787 Cent — Fugio or Franklin (cop- 

per) 15 .25 

1787 Cent — Fugio or Franklin (sil- 
ver) :. 1.50 2.50 

1792 Cent— Bust: U. S. of America. . 1.50 3.50 
1792 Cent— Bust; U. S. of America 

(silver centre) 15.00 25.00 

*1776 Dollar— Sun over dial (pewter) 2.50 5.00 

1776 Dollar— Sun over dial (brass) . . 5.00 10.00 

1776 Dollar— Sun over dial (silver).. 10.00 25.00 
1776 Dollar— Sun over dial; EG Fecit 

(pewter) 2.50 5.00 

*1792 Half Disme 2.50 5.00 

Silver for this piece was supplied 
by "Washington from his private 
plate. 

1792 One Disme (silver) 10.00 15.00 

1783 100 Mills (silver) Dime 25.00 50.00 

1783 500 Mills (silver) Half Dollar. .50.00 75.00 

1783 1000 Mills (silver) Dollar. .... .50.00 75.00 

* . . . . Cent— U. S. A. ; 13 bars 1.00 2.50 



84 National Coin Book 

PAPER MONEY OF THE UNITED STATES 

The First Paper Money ever issued by the 
United States Government, and known as "demand 
notes," was authorized by Acts of July 17, and 
August 5, 1861. 

United States Treasury Notes prior to 1869 
were printed on plain bank note paper. In 1869 
the paper with silk fibre was substituted. 

Demand Notes were paid in gold when pre- 
sented for redemption. 

"Coin" Obligations of the Government are re- 
deemable in either gold or silver, as demanded. 

Gold Certificates are redeemable in gold coin. 

Silver Certificates are redeemable in standard 
silver dollars only. 

Treasury Notes of the Act of July 14, 1890, are 
legal tender for all debts, public and private, except 
where otherwise expressly stipulated in the con- 
tract. They are redeemable in United States gold 
coin in any amount by the Treasurer and all assist- 
ant treasurers of the United States. 

United States Notes are legal tender for all 
debts, public and private, except duties on imports 
and interest on the public debt. They are redeem- 
able in United States gold coin in any amount by 
the Treasurer and all the assistant treasurers of the 
United States. 

Gold Certificates, silver certificates, and na- 
tional-bank notes are not legal tender, but both 



Wilkinsburg, Pa., U. S. A. 85 

classes of certificates are receivable for all public 
dues, while national-bank notes are receivable for 
all public dues except duties on imports. 

All Notes equalling or exceeding three-fifths of 
their original proportions, and bearing the name of 
the bank and the signature of one of its officers, are 
redeemable at their face value. 

Mutilated United States notes, gold certificates 
and silver certificates are redeemable at their face 
value by the Treasurer and assistant treasurers, 
when not more than two-fifths of the note is miss- 
ing. "When mutilated so that three-fifths, but clear- 
ly more than two-fifths, of the original proportion 
remain, are redeemable by the Treasurer only, at 
one-half the face value of the whole note or certifi- 
cate, unless when accompanied by an affidavit that 
the missing portions are totally destroyed, and then 
all fragments are redeemable at full face value. 

The Life of an ordinary one dollar bill averages 
1.12 vears. 



86 National Coin Book 

NATIONAL BANKS 

A national bank may be organized by not less 
than five persons anywhere in the United Spates, 
subject to the following requirements as to capital 
and population: 

1. With not less than $25,000 capital in any 
place having 3.000 inhabitants or less. 

2. With not less than $50,000 capital in any 
place having 6,000 inhabitants or less. 

3. With not less than $100,000 capital in any 
city having over 6,000 but not more than 50,000 
inhabitants. 

4. With not less than $200,000 capital in any 
city having over 50,000 inhabitants. 

Banks with a capital not exceeding $150,000 
must deposit with the United States Treasurer in- 
terest-bearing bonds of the United States, par value, 
to an amount not less than one-fourth of their capi- 
tal stock. 

Banks with a capital exceeding $150,000 must 
deposit similar bonds to the amount of at least 
$50,000, par value. 

Every national bank is required by law to make 
to the Comptroller not less than five sworn reports 
every year, showing in detail its resources and lia- 
bilities, and it is required to publish the reports in 
a local newspaper; also to make a sworn report of 
every dividend declared, gross earnings, losses, ex- 
penses, and net profits. 



Wilkinsburg, Pa., U. S. A. 87 

The affairs of every bank are examined about 
twice a year by an examiner, who verifies its assets 
and audits its accounts, and wiio is empowered by 
law to examine every officer and employee of the 
bank under oath, if necessary, to find out its true 
condition. 

On January 26, 1907, an act was approved pro- 
hibiting national banks from making money con- 
tributions in connection with political elections. 

All national banks are required by law to receive 
the notes of other national banks at par. 

National-bank notes are redeemable in lawful 
money of the United States by the Treasurer, but 
not by the assistant treasurers of the United States. 
They are also redeemable at the bank of issue. In 
order to provide for the redemption of its notes 
when presented, every national bank is required by 
law to keep on deposit with the Treasurer a sum 
equal to 5 per cent, of its circulation. 



88 National Coin Book 

HOW TO DETECT COUNTERFEIT BILLS 

U. S. Notes of 1862 and 1863 have no jute or 
fibre in the paper. 

No Gold Certificates have been issued below the 
denomination of $10. 

Very Pew National Bank Bills bearing red 
pointed seal have any fibre in the paper. 

All Notes have the check letters A, B, C, D 
printed on the face of the note in upper and lower 
corners, diagonally opposite. Some banks have been 
furnished with notes bearing other check letters. 

Government Notes (not National Bank notes) 
are printed four of a denomination on a sheet, and 
lettered respectively A, B, C, D. Also, each note 
bears a Treasury number. Divide this number, or 
only the last two figures of it by four — if the re- 
mainder is one the check letter should be A; if two 
then B; if three then C; if no remainder then D. 
Any other result shows the numbering is wrong and 
the bill a counterfeit. This is the case in general, 
although it is possible to find some counterfeits cor- 
rectly numbered. 



Wilkinsburg, Pa., U. S. A. 89 

FRACTIONAL CURRENCY 

About January 1, 1862, specie payments being 
suspended, gold and silver coins disappeared from 
circulation. For a time the use of tickets, due bills, 
and other forms of private obligations, took the 
place of subsidiary coins. Congress interfered and 
authorized the use of postage stamps for change. 
This was followed by postal currency, and, finally, 
by fractional currency in denominations correspond- 
ing to the silver subsidiary coins. The highest 
amount authorized was $50,000. There is still out- 
standing $15,232,088.90, of which $8,375,934 is offi- 
cially estimated to have been destroyed. 

(Prices quoted are for notes in new and 

perfect condition only.) 

First Issue 

August 21, 1862, to May 27, 1863. 

Perforated Edges. 

5 Cents — Jefferson, brown 25 

10 Cents — Washington, green 35 

25 Cents — Jefferson, brown 60 

50 Cents — -Washington, green . . 85 

Plain Edges. 

5 Cents — Jefferson, brown 10 

10 Cents— Washington, green 15 

25 Cents — Jefferson, brown 30 

50 Cents — Washington, green 65 

Second Issue 

October 10, 1863, to February 23, 1867. 

Bust of Washington in frame in centre of note. 

5 Cents — Brown 10 

10 Cents— Green 15 



90 National Coin Book 

25 Cents— Purple 30 

50 Cents — Carmine 75 

5 Cents — Brown, fibre paper 15 

10 Cents — Green, fibre paper . .25 

25 Cents — Purple, fibre paper 50 

50 Cents — Carmine, fibre paper 1.00 

Third Issue 

December 5, 1864, to August 16, 1869. 

3 Cents — Washington, green 25 

5 Cents — Clark, green 10 

10 Cents — Washington, green 15 

25 Cents — Fessenden, green 35 

50 Cents — Spinner, green 60 

50 Cents — Justice seated 70 

5 Cents — Clarke, carmine 35 

10 Cents — Washington, carmine .40 

25 Cents — Fessenden, carmine 65 

50 Cents — Spinner, carmine 1.00 

50 Cents — Justice seated, carmine 1.25 

Fourth Issue 
July 14, 1869, to February 15, 1875. 

10 Cents— Liberty 15 

15 Cents— Columbia 40 

25 Cents — Washington 30 

50 Cents— Stanton 75 

50 Cents— Lincoln 60 

Fifth Issue 
February 26, 1874, to February 15, 1876. 

10 Cents— Meredith 20 

10 Cents— Meredith, r^ed seal 15 

25 Cents— Walker 30 

50 Cents— Dexter 60 

50 Cents— Crawford 60 



WlLKINSBURG, Pa., U. S. A. 91 

CANADIAN MONEY 

The coinage of Canada consists of silver and 
bronze in denominations from One Cent to Fifty 
Cents. Previous to 1908 all coins for Canada were 
struck in England, but in that year a mint was 
opened at Ottawa, where the coins are now struck. 
British and United States gold are current. 

The system of paper money is similar to that 
of the United States. 

RARE COINS AND TOKENS 

These prices are for fine condition only. 

1670 Fifteen Sols ; bust (silver) 150.00 

1670 Five Sols ; bust (silver) 5.00 

1670 Double ; Crowned L 100.00 

1717 XII Deniers, Colonies 25.00 

1717 VI Deniers, Colonies 25.00 

1752 Jeton (for French Colonies in 

America (silver) 7.00 

1796 Half Penny, Copper Co. of U. C. 

(silver) 20.00 

1820 Bust ; North West Company 15.00 

1823 Bust ; 1/50 Dollar, Colonial 15.00 

1823 Bust ; 1/100 Dollar, Colonial 10.00 

1832 Half Penny Token ; Nova Scotia 10.00 

1837 Th. & Wm. Molson, Montreal (silver) . 20.00 

1837 Bouquet; % Penny Token, Montreal. 100.00 

Bouquet: V 2 Penny Token, Montreal. 25.00 

Bouquet; Sou Token, Montreal 20.00 

1839 Half Penny, Bank of Montreal 7.50 

1839 One Penny, Bank of Montreal 15.00 

1852 Hunterstown 30.00 




Plate K 



Wilkinsburg, Pa., U. S. A. 93 

1862 10 Dollars (gold) . . 50.00 

1862 20 Dollars (gold) . 50.00 

R. W. Owen Montreal Ropery 20.00 

F. McDermott, St. Johns, N. B 8.00 

.... Peter McAusline, Newfoundland .... 25.00 

I . . . Ship; Ships Colonies & Commerce. . . . 20.00 

Worthless Bills of Banks Closed Through Failure, 
Liquidations, Etc. 

! Agricultural Bank of Upper Canada, Toronto. Ont. 

Bank of Acadia, Liverpool, N. S. 

Bank of Brantford, Brantford, Ont. 

Bank of Canada, Montreal, P. Q. 

Bank of Clifton, Clifton, Ont. 

Bank of Liverpool, Liverpool, N. S. 

Bank of London, London, Ont. 

Bank of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, 
P. E. I. 

Bank of the People, Toronto, Ont. 

Bank of Upper Canada, Toronto, Ont. 

Bank of Western Canada, Clifton, Ont. 

British Canadian Bank, Toronto, Ont. 
1 Central Bank of New Brunswick, Fredericton, N. B. 

Charlotte Co. Bank, St. Andrews, N. B. 

City Bank of Montreal, Montreal, P. Q. 

Colonial Bank of Canada, Toronto, Ont. 
. Commercial Bank of New Brunswick, St. John, N.B. 

Commercial Bank of Newfoundland, St. John, N. B. 

Consolidated Bank of Canada, Montreal, P. Q. 

Exchange Bank of Canada, Montreal, P. Q. 



94 National Coin Book 

Farmers' Bank, Rustico, P. E. I. 

Farmers' Joint Stock Banking Co., Toronto, Ont. 

Federal Banks of Canada, Toronto, Ont. 

International Bank of Canada, Toronto, Ont. 

Maratime Bank, St. John, N. B. 

Mechanics' Bank, Montreal, P. Q. 

Metropolitan Bank, Montreal, P. Q. (Before 1876.) 

Pictou Bank, Pictou, N. S. 

Provincial Bank of Canada, Staustead, P. Q. 

Royal Canadian Bank, Montreal, P. Q. 

Stadacona Bank, Quebec, P. Q. 

Union Bank of Montreal, Montreal, P. Q. 

Union Bank of Newfoundland, St. Johns, N. F. 

Westmoreland Bank of N. B., Moncton, N. B. 

Zimmerman's Bank, Elgin, Ont. 




Plate L 



96 



National Coin Book 



TABLE OF FOREIGN COINS 

With Values in U. S., and Prices Paid by Money 
Brokers. 

(Un current coins worth bullion value.) 



G(old) S(tandard) 
C(entral) A(merica) 
M(onetary) U(nit) 



S (ilver ) S (tandard) 
S(outh) A(merica) 
U. S. rU. S. Value) 



ARGENTINE REPUBLIC (S. A.) 

G. S. M. U. ; Peso (100 Centavos) U. S. $.35 

Gold Silver 



1 Peso 30 

50 Centavos 15 

20 Centavos 06 

10 Centavos 03 



20 Pesos 19.00 

10 Pesos (Colon).. 9.50 
5 Pesos 4.75 

Nickel— 20, 10, 5 Centavos. 
Copper — 2, 1 Centavos. 

AUSTRIA-HUNGARY 

G. S. M. U., Krone (100 Heller or Filler) U.S. $.203 



Gold 
Quadruple Ducat ..8.50 
One Ducat (4 Fl. 80 

Kr.) 2.10 

8 Florins 

(20 Francs) . . .3.80 
4 Florins 

flO Francs) . ..1.90 

?0 Kronen 4.00 

10 Kronen 2.00 

Copper — 2, 1 Heller. 

Silver before 1899, demonetized 



Silver 
5 Kronen 95 

2 Kronen 
(1 Florin) 37 

1 Krone 18 

Nickel 

20 Heller 03 

10 Heller 01 



Wilkinsburg, Pa., U. S. A. 97 

BELGIUM 

(Same as France.) 
Nickel without hole in centre, demonetized. 

BOLIVIA (S. A.) 

S. S. M. XL, Peso or Boliviano (100 Centavos) 

U. S. $.389 

Gold Silver 



20 Boliviano 7.20 

10 Boliviano 3.60 

5 Boliviano 1.75 



1 Peso 35 

50 Centavos 15 

20 Centavos . . 06 

10 Centavos 03 

5 Centavos 01 



Nickel — 10, 5 Centavos. 

BRAZIL (S. A.) 

G. S. M. U., Milreis (1000 Reis) U. S. $.35 

Gold Silver 



40 Milreis 20.00 

20 Milreis 10.00 

10 Milreis 5.00 

5 Milreis 2.50 

Nickel— 400, 200, 100 Reis. 
Copper— 40, 20, 10, 5 Reis. 



2000 Reis 35 

1000 Reis 17 

500 Reis 08 

200 Reis 02 



CANADA 

G. S. M. U., Dollar (100 Cents) U. S. $1.00 

Gold— 10, 5 Dollars. 
Silver— 50, 25, 10, 5 Cents. 
Copper — 1 Cent. 

Par, less small discount. 



98 



National COix Book 



CHINA: Hong Kong 

8. S. M. IL, Dollar (100 Cents) U. S. $.50 

Silver 

Dollar (7 Mace, 2 Candareens) 30 

50 Cents (3M 6C) . . .15 I 10 Cents 03 

20 Cents (1M 4 4C) .06 | 5 Cents 01 

Copper — 2, 1 Cent. 

CHILI (S. A.) 

G. S. M. IL, Peso (100 Centavos) U. S. $.365 



Gold 
20 Pesos (Condor).. 7.00 
10 Pesos (Doubloon) 3.50 
5 Pesos (Escudo) . .1.75 



Silver (.835 Fine) 

1 Peso 30 

50 Centavos 15 

40 Centavos 12 

20 Centavos 06 

10 " (Decimo) .03 
5 Centavos 02 



Nickel— 2, 1, % Centavos. 
Copper — 2, 1, V 2 Centavos. 
Silver of lesser fineness, twenty cents the Peso. 

COLUMBIA (S. A.) 

G. S. M. IL, Peso (100 Centavos; U. S. $.382 
Gold Silver 

Double Condor . . .19.00 1 Peso 30 

Condor (10 Pesos). 9.50 50 Centavos 15 

Half Condor ..... 4.75 20 Centavos 06 

COSTA RICA (C. A.) 

G. S. M. IL, Colon (100 Centavos) U. S. $.465 

Gold Silver 
20 Colones 9.15 50 Centavos 18 



10 Colones 4.55 

5 Colones 2.25 

2 Colones 90 



25 Centavos 08 

10 .Centavos 03 

5 Centavos 01 



WlLKINSBURG, Pa., U. S. A. 



99 



CUBA 

Uses Spanish silver and gold, also French gold. 
Cuban money before 1898. worthless. 

DENMARK 

G. S. M. IL, Krone (100 Ore) U. S. $.268 



Gold 

20 Kroner 5.20 

10 Kroner 2.60 

5 Kroner 1.30 



Copper 
5, 2, 1 Ore. 
Rigsdalers, demonetized. 

ECUADOR (S. A.) 

G. S. M. IL, Sucre (100 Centavos) 



Silver 

5 Kroner 1.25 

2 Kroner 50 

1 Krona 24 

50 Ore 12 

25 Ore 06 

10 Ore 02 



U. S. $.487 



Gold 
20 Sucres (Condor). 9.00 
10 Sucres 4.50 

4 Sucres .1.80 

2 Sucres 90 

1 Sucre 45 

Nickel — 5. 2 Centavos. 
Copper — 2, 1 Centavos. 

EGYPT 

G. S. M. IL, Piastre (10 Millieme) 



Silver 

1 Sucre 35 

V 2 Sucre 15 

2 Decimo de Sucre. .02 
1 Decimo de Sucre. .01 
V 9 Decimo de Sucre. 



U. S. $.05 



Gold 

100 Piastres 4.50 

50 Piastres 2.25 

25 Piastres 1.10 

10 Piastres . .50 

5 Piastres 25 

Nickel— 5. 2. 1 Millieme. 
Copper — y 2 , % Millieme. 



Silver 

20 Piastres 60 

10 Piastres 30 

5 Piastres 15 

2 Piastres 06 

J Piastre 03 




Plate M 



WlLKINSBURG, Pa., U. S. A. 



101 



FINLAND 

G. S. M. XL, Markkaa (100 Pennia) 



U. S. $.193 



Gold 

20 Markkaa 3.82 

10 Markkaa 1.90 



Silver 

2 Markkaa 32 

1 Markkaa 16 

50 Pennia 07 

25 Pennia 03 



Copper — 10, 5, 1 Pennia. 

FRANCE 

M. U., Franc (100 Centimes) 



G. S. 

Gold 

100 Francs 19.15 

50 Francs 9.55 

40 Francs 7.60 

20 " (Napoleon) 3.82 

10 Francs 1.90 

5 Francs 95 



U. S. $.193 



Silver 

5 Francs 90 

*2 Francs 36 

1 Franc 18 

50 Centimes 08 

Nickel 

25 Centimes 03 

Copper — 10, 5, 2, 1 Centimes. 

Silver coins before 1861 (excepting 5 Francs) de- 
monetized. 

GERMANY 

G. S. M. XL, Mark (100 Pfennig) U. S. $.238 



Gold 

20 Mark 4.70 

10 Mark 2.35 

5 Mark 1.15 

Nickel 

25 Pfennig 05 

10 Pfennig 02 

5 Pfennig 01 



o 
3 
2 

1 



Silver 

Mark 1.15 

Mark 67 

Mark 45 

Mark 22 

Mark 10 



Copper 
2, 1 Pfennig. 



20 Pfennig nickel and silver; 50 Pfennig silver be- 
fore 1905, demonetized. 



102 



National Coin Book 



GREECE 

G. S. M ? XL, Drachma (100 Lepta) 



U. S. $.193 



Gold 
100 Drachma 

(Mina) 19.15 

50 Drachma 9.55 

20 Drachma 3.82 

10 Drachma 1.90 

5 Drachma 90 

Nickel 
20 Lepta 02 



Silver 

5 Drachma 75 

2 Drachma 30 

1 Drachma 15 

50 Lepta 07 

Copper ' 
10, 5, 2, 1 Lepta. 



10 Lepta 01 

Nickel and silver of 1865; 20 Lepta silver, demonet- 
ized. 

GREAT BRITAIN 

G. S. M. XL, Pound (20 Shillings) U. S. $4.8665 



Gold 

5 Sovereigns 24.25 

2 Sovereigns 9.65 

1 " (Pound) 4.80 

y 2 Sovereign 2.40 

5 Guineas 25.35 

2 Guineas 10.10 

1 Guinea (5 Shill- 
ings) 5.05 

Copper 



Silver 

* Crown (5 Shillings) 1.10 

i/ 2 Crown (2s 6d)... .50 

2 Florins (4 Shill.) . .80 
*1 Florin (2 Shill.) . .40 

1 Shilling 20 

6 Pence 10 

4 Pence 07 

3 Pence 05 

2 Pence 03 

n/o Pence 02 



HAWAII 

(Sandwich Islands) 

United States money current. 
Old Hawaiian silver, bullion only. 



WlLKINSBURG, Pa., U. S. A. 



103 



HOLLAND (Netherlands) 
G. S. M. XL, Gulden or Florin (100 Cents) 

U. S. $.40 



Gold 

1 Ducate 2.15 

10 Gulden 3.90 

5 Gulden 1.95 

Nickel 
5 Cents 01 



Silver 
2i/> Gulden (Rix 

Daler) 95 

1 Gulden 38 

50 Cents 18 

25 Cents 08 

10 Cents 03 

5 Cents 01 



Copper— 2%, 1, V 2 Cents. 
Gulden before 1840, demonetized. 



G. S. 



INDIA (British) 
M. U., Rupee (16 Annas) 



U. S. $.30 



Gold 
1 Mohur (16 

Rupees) 5.50 



Silver 

1 Rupee 22 

Y 2 Rupee (8 Anna) . .10 
!/4 Rupee (4 Anna) . .04 

2 Anna 01 

Bronze — 5, 2, 1, %, % Annas. 

ITALY 

M. XL, Lira (100 Centesimi) U. S. $.193 

Silver 

5 Lire 90 

*2 Lire 36 

1 Lira 18 

Nickel 

20 Centesimi 02 

Copper . 
10, 5, 2, 1, i/ 2 Centesimi. 



G. S. 

Gold 

100 Lire 19.15 

80 Lire 15.30 

50 Lire 9.55 

40 Lire 7.65 

20 Lire 3.82 

10 Lire 1.90 

5 Lire 95 




Plate N 



Wilkinsburg, Pa., U. S. A. 



105 



20, 50 Centesimi, 1, 2, 5 Lire (silver) before 1861; 
20 Centesimi before 1908; 25 Centesimi (nickel) 
demonetized. 



JAPAN 

G. S. M. U., Yen (100 Sen) U. S. $.498 



Gold 

40 Yen 19.35 

20 Yen 9.65 

10 Yen 4.80 

5 Yen 2.40 

Nickel — 5 Sen. 
Copper — 2, 1, }/2 Sen. 
Old issue demonetized. 



Silver 

Yen 30 

50 Sen 12 

20 Sen 05 

10 Sen 02 

5 Sen 01 



MEXICO 

G. S. M. U., Peso (100 Centavos) U. S. $.40 



Gold 

20 Pesos .9.70 

10 Pesos 4.80 

5 Pesos 2.40 

2y 2 Pesos 1.20 

Nickel 
5 Centavos 01 



Silver 

1 Peso .35 

50 Centavos 17 

20 Centavos 08 

10 Centavos 03 

5 Centavos 01 



Copper — 2, 1 Centavos. 

Silver and copper before 1904, demonetized. 



NORWAY 

(Same as Denmark. 



106 



National Coin Book 



PANAMA 
G. S. It U., Balboa (100 Centesimos) U. S. $1.00 

Silver 

*50 Centesimos 35 

25 Centesimos 17 

10 Centesimos 07 

5 Centesimos 03 

2y 2 Centesimos 01 



Gold 

20 Balboa 19.50 

10 Balboa 9.25 

5 Balboa 4.50 

2y 2 Balboa. 2.25 

1 Balboa 90 



Nickel — 2y 2 , % Centesimos. 

2y 2 Centesimos, silver, discontinued in 1907. 

PHILIPPINE ISLANDS 

M. XL, Peso (100 Centavos) U. S. $.50 

Silver 

*1 Peso 35 I 20 Centavos 06 

50 Centavos 15 I 10 Centavos 03 

Nickel— 5 Centavos. Copper— 2, 1, y 2 Centavos. 

PERU (S. A.) 

G. S. M. XL, Sol (5 Pesetas) U. S.$.48 

Gold Silver 

1 Doubloon 15.00 1 Sol 35 

1 Libra (10 Sols). 4.60 V 2 Sol (5 Dinero) . . .15 



1/9 Libra 2.30 

1/5 Libra 80 



2 Dinero (1 Peseta) .06 

1 Dinero 03 

1/2 Dinero 01 



Nickel — 10, 5 Centavos (demonetized in 1880). 
Copper — 2, 1 Centavos. 

PORTO RICO 

United States money current. 



WlLKINSBURG, Pa., U. S. A. 



107 



PORTUGAL 

G. S. M. IT., Milreis (1000 Reis 

Gold 
10 Milreis (Crown) .9.25 

5 Milreis 4.60 

2 Milreis 1.70 

1 Milreis 85 



U. S. $3.08 
Silver 

1 Milreis 65 

50 Centavos 30 

20 Centavos 12 

10 Centavos . .. .06 



Nickel 

10 Centavos 05 5 Centavos 02 

Copper — 2, 1, y 2 Centavos. 

Silver and nickel before 1912, demonetized. 

ROUMANIA 

G. S. M. U., Lei (100 Bani) 

Gold 

25 Lei 4.65 

20 Lei 3.70 

10 Lei 1.85 

5 Lei 90 

Nickel— 20, 10, 5 Bani. 



U. S. $.195 
Silver 

75 

30 

15 

07 

Copper — 10, 5, 2, 1 Bani. 



5 

#2 

1 

U 



Lei 
Lei 
Lei 
Lei 



Copper, nickel and silver before 1908, demonetized. 

RUSSIA 

G S. M. U., Rouble (100 Kopecks) U. S. $.515 



Gold 

15 Roubles 7.50 

10 Roubles 5.00 

7% Roubles 3.75 

5 Roubles 2.50 

Platinum 
12 Roubles 25.00 

6 Roubles 10.00 

3 Roubles ... 4.00 

Copper — 5, 3, 2, 1, y 2 , % Kopecks. 

SWEDEN 

(Same as Denmark.) 



Silver 

1 Rouble 48 

50 Kopecks 24 

25 Kopecks 10 

20 Kopecks 08 

15 Kopecks . 06 

10 Kopecks 04 

5 Kopecks 02 




Plate 



WlLKINSBURG, Pa,, U. S. A. 



109 



SPAIN 

G. S. M. XL, Peseta (100 Centimos) * U. S. $.195 
Gold Silver 



5 Pesetas 75 

2 Pesetas .30 

1 Peseta 15 

50 Centimos 07 



25 Pesetas 4.75 

20 Pesetas 3.80 

10 Pesetas 1.90 

5 Pesetas 95 

Nickel — 20 Centimos. 

Copper — 10, 5, 2, 1 Centimos. 

All silver and 20 Centimos before 1865, demonetized 

SWITZERLAND 

(Same as Prance.) 

TURKEY 

G. S. M. U., Piastre (40 Paras) 



Gold 

500 Piastre 21.90 

250 Piastre 10.95 

100 Piastre 4.25 

50 Piastre 2.12 

25 Piastre ... 1.05 

20 Piastre 80 

5 Piastre 22 

Nickel— 1 Piastre; 40, 20 ; 
Copper — 10, 5 Paras. 

URUGUAY (S. A.) 

G. S. M. U., Peso (100 Centesimos) 



U. S. $.044 
Silver 

*20 Piastre 48 

10 Piastre (Onlik) . . .24 

5 Piastre 12 

2 Piastre 05 

1 Piastre 02 

i/ 2 Piastre 01 

10, 5 Paras. 



Gold 

10 Pesos 9.25 

5 Pesos 4.60 

2y 2 Pesos 2.25 

1 Peso 90 

Nickel — 5, 2 Centesimos. 

Copper — 4, 2, 1. 



U. S. $1.03 
Silver 

Peso 35 

50 Centesimos 15 

20 Centesimos 06 

10 Centesimos 03 



110 



National Coin Book 



VENEZUELA (S. A.) 

G. S. . HZ U., Bolivar (20 Centavos) U. S. $.193 



Gold 
100 Bolivar (20 

Pesos) 19.25 

50 Bolivar 9.10 

25 Bolivar 4.50 

20 Bolivar 3.60 

10 Bolivar 1.80 

5 Bolivar 90 

Nickel — 10. 5 Centavos. 



Silver 
5 Bolivar (1 Peso). .40 

2% Bolivar 20 

2 Bolivar 16 

1 Bolivar 08 

50 Centavos 04 

25 Centavos 02 



WlLKINSBURG, Pa., L t . S. A. Ill 

ANCIENT COINS 

Gold and silver in various forms (but not as 

coins, were commercial mediums from the earliest 
times. All passed by weight and had recognized 
values in both local and international traffic. 

The earliest extant coins (crude punches) are 
those of Lydia, supposably about B. C. 700-637. They 
were of electrum (three parts gold, one part silver) 
and continued in circulation till Croesus (B. C. 568) 
substituted for them a gold and silver currency. 
Greek silver coins were struck at Aegina between 
B. C. 750 and 700, and a superior issue was made 
about B. C. 404. 

The first coins mentioned in the Bible (about 
B. C. 538) are designated " drams.' ' They were of 
gold, supposably the Persian Daries. 

The Denarius was the standard coin of Rome, 
as the Shekel was of Jewish currency. 

As coins were not dated previous to the 15th 
century the only method of ascertaining dates of 
earlier coins is by consulting history, the inscription 
or portrait upon the coin usually furnishing a basis 
fur identification. 

Owing to the frequent unearthing of ancient 
coins, the supply has become so large that, with the 
exception of very rare pieces, specimens may be pur- 
chased for a very small sum. 



112 National Coin Book 

BIBLICAL COINS 

And their Values in United States Gold. 

Silver Shekel 60 

Gold Shekel 5.69 

Gold Talent 56,900.00 

Silver Talent 1,660.00 

Copper Mite (Lepton) .00% 

Gold Daric 5.52 




Plate P 



114 National Coin Book 

MONETARY CHRONOLOGY SINCE 1786 

1786 — Double standard established in the United 

States. 

1792 — Establishment of a Mint with free and gra- 
tuitous coinage in the United States. 

1803 — Double standard established in France. 

1810 — Silver standard introduced in Eussia. 

1816— Gold standard adopted in England 

1832 — Monetary system of France introduced in Bel- 
gium. 

1844 — Double standard introduced in Turkey. 

1847— Gold discovered in California. 

1850 — Monetary system of France introduced in 
Switzerland. 

1851 — Gold discovered in Australia. 

1854— Gold standard introduced in Portugal. 
Silver standard introduced in Java. 

1862 — French monetary system adopted in Italy. 

1868 — French monetary system adopted in Roumania. 
French monetary system adopted in Spain. 

1871 — Gold standard replaces silver standard in Ger- 
many. 

Double standard established in Japan. 

1873 — Gold standard replaces double standard in the 
United States. 

Coinage of silver suspended in Holland. 

Formation of Scandavian Monetary Union, and 
replacing of the silver standard by that of 
gold, in Denmark, Norway and Sweden. 
1875 — Double standard introduced in Holland. 



WlLKINSBURG, Pa., U. S. A. 115 

1877 — Gold standard replaces double standard in 
Finland. 

1878 — First international monetary conference meets 
in Paris. 

1881— ^Second international monetary conference in 
Paris. 

1885 — Double standard introduced in Egypt. 

1887 — Trade dollars retired by the United States 
Government. 

1891 — French monetary system introduced in Tunis. 

1892 — Gold standard replaces silver standard in Aus- 
tria-Hungary. 

1895— Gold standard adopted in Chili. 

1896— Gold standard adopted in Costa Rica. 

1897 — Gold standard adopted in Russia. 
Gold standard adopted in Japan. 
Suspension of coinage of silver, and its impor- 
tation prohibited in Peru. 

1899 — Gold standard adopted in India. 

1900 — Gold standard adopted in the United States. 
Gold standard adopted in Ecuador. 

1901 — United States gold adopted as standard in San 
Domingo. 

1902 — Gold standard adopted in Siam. 

1903 — Gold standard adopted in Columbia. 
Gold standard adopted in Philippines. 

1904 — Gold standard adopted in Panama. 

1905 — Gold standard adopted in Mexico. 



116 National Coin Book 

NUMISMATIC NOTES OF INTEREST 

Base or Billon Pieces are composed of a mixture 
of copper and silver. 

Bullet Money (Siam) lump of gold or silver 
hammered into a rounded mass and stamped with 
native characters. (See plate 0.) 

Cart Wheel (Great Britain) Two pence, 1797. 
Largest coin every struck for England. (See plate 
0.) 

Copper Plate Money (Sweden) was issued from 
about 1652 to 1758. Unwieldy discs of copper 
stamped with the crown and date, of denominations 
of %, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 8 Dalers. One, an 8-Daler 
piece, property of the Numismatic Society, of New 
York, measures 13 x 23y 2 inches, and weighs 31 
pounds. 

Cowry Money (Africa) a shell about an inch 
long, formerly used as currency in Bengal and Siam 
and in Western Africa, where in remote parts, they 
still serve in trade. They have a very small coin 
value. 

Gazetta (Italy) is the coin which gave its name 
to the first newspaper ever published, which was 
issued at Venice and sold for a " gazetta.' ' 

Gun Money (Ireland) made of old cannon after 
suppression of an Irish rebellion. 



WlLKINSBURG, Pa., U. S. A. 117 

Koban (Japan) an oblong sheet of gold, about 
3y 2 x 4 inches. The black characters thereon are 
burnt in by a chemical operation. Under the old 
regime to take one out of the kingdom was pun- 
ishable by death; to remove it by accident was im- 
prisonment for life. 

Maundy Money (England) small coins intro- 
duced 1648-88. On "Maundy Thursday" (day be- 
fore Good Friday) beggars received from the king 
bags containing these pieces to a number equalling 
the years in which the king had lived. 

Obsidional Coin — A token coin made of base 
metal, used as currency when the legal money had 
disappeared during a seige. 

Porcelain Money (Siam) was issued by private 
persons and gambling houses. For years this small 
currency was in use in Siam. 

Ring Money (Africa) used extensively at one 
time on the West Coast of Africa. (See plate P.) 

The Oldest Bank Note in the world may be seen 
in the British Museum. It was printed in 1368. 



118 National Coin Book 



THE AMERICAN NUMISMATIC ASSOCIATION 

was founded in 1891, and was granted a Federal 
Charter by Act of Congress in 1912. It is purely a 
mutual organization, none of its officers receiving a 
salary. 

Its objects are to encourage and promote the 
science of numismatics by the acquirement and study 
of coins, paper money and medals; to cultivate fra- 
ternal relations among- collectors and students ; to 
encourage and assist new collectors ; to stimulate and 
advance affiliations between collectors and kindred 
organizations in the United States and foreign coun- 
tries ; to acquire and disperse numismatic knowledge • 
and to demonstrate the fact that numismatics is an 
educational, serious and entertaining pursuit. 

The dues are 50 cents a year, payable in advance 
on January first of each year, An entrance fee of 
$1.00 must accompany all applications for member- 
ship. 



For full information, address 



WALDO C. MOORE, 

General Secretary, 

Lewisburg, Ohio. 



WlLKINSBURG, Pa., U. S. A. 119 

THE NUMISMATIST 

is the official magazine of the American Numismatic 
Association, and is owned, controlled and published 
by the association. It is issued the first of every 
month, contains numismatic articles of general in- 
terest, and gives reports of meetings of the various 
numismatic associations, also current news of the 
numismatic world. 

Yearly subscription, U. S $1.50 

Yearly subscription, foreign 1.75 

Trial subscription, 6 months 75 

Address 

EDGAR H. ADAMS, 

Editor and Business Manager, 
447A State St., Brooklyn, N. Y. 



THE AMERICAN NUMISMATIC SOCIETY 

(Organized 1858; Incorporated 1865) 

is located in its own building at Broadway and 156th 
Street, New York, and has an extensive library, and 
a large collection of coins and medals of all countries ; 
its membership is limited to one hundred and fifty. 
The building is open to the public daily, from 
10 A. M. to 5 P. M., and Sundays from 1 to 5 P. M. 



WlLKINSBURG, Pa., U. S. A. 121 

INDEX 



PAGE 

American Numismatic Association 118 

American Numismatic Society 119 

Ancient Coins Ill 

Assay Offices of the United States 20 

Biblical Coins 112 

Canadian Money 92 

General Information 92 

Rare Coins and Tokens 92 

Worthless Bills 93 

Coins Dealers Do Not Buy 13 

Conditions of Coins 13 

Confederate Coins 69 

Counterfeit Rare Coins 14 

Description of Plates 7-8-9-10 

Different Kinds of United States Money 12 

Early American Coins 75 

General History 70 

Key to Inscriptions 92 

Carolina 75 

Continental 83 

Connecticut 75 

Experimental t 83 

Fugio (Franklin) 83 

Kentucky 75 

Maryland 76 

Massachusetts 76 

New England 77 

New Hampshire 77 



122 National Coin Book 

page 

New Jersey 77 

New York 79 

Eosa Americana 79 

Sommer Islands 80 

Vermont » 80 

Virginia 80 

Washington Pieces 81 

Encased Postage Stamps . . 65 

Feuchtwanger Coins 68 

Foreign Coins 96 

Argentine Republic 96 

Austria Hungary 96 

Belgium 97 

Bolivia 97 

Brazil 97 

Canada 97 

Chili 98 

China 98 

Columbia 98 

Costa Rica •. 98 

Cuba 99 

Denmark 99 

Ecuador 99 

Egypt 99 

Finland 101 

France 101 

Germany 101 

Great Britain 102 

Greece 102 

Hawaii 102 

Holland 103 

India 103 

Italv 103 



Wilkinsburg, Pa., U. S. A. 123 

PAGE 

Japan 105 

Mexico 105 

Norway 105 

Panama 106 

Peru , 106 

Philippine Islands 106 

Porto Rico 106 

Portugal 107 

Roumania 107 

Russia 107 

Spain 109 

Sweden 107 

Switzerland 109 

Turkey 109 

Uruguay 109 

Venezuela . 110 

General Information 11 

Hard Times Tokens . 68 

Millimeter Scale 15 

Mint of the United States 18 

General Information 18 

Branch Mints 20 

Monetary Chronology Since 1786 114 

Monetary System of the United States 16 

Mutilation of United States Coins 14 

National Banks 86 

Necessity Money 65 

Numismatic Notes of Interest 116 

Numismatic Terms 15 

"Numismatist," The 119 



124 National Coin Book 

page 

Paper Money of the United States 84 

Counterfeit Bills 88 

Fractional Currency 89 

General Information 84 

Private Gold Coins (U. S.) 57 

General Information 57 

Quarter Dollars 59 

Half Dollars 59 

Dollars 59 

Two and One-Half Dollars 59 

Five Dollars 60 

Ten Dollars 61 

Twenty Dollars . 61 

Twenty-five Dollars 63 

Fifty Dollars 63 

Doubloon 64 

Ingots 63 

Spiel Marks 68 

Sub-treasuries of the United States 20 

Unit of Weight 19 

United States Gold Coins 47 

Counterfeits 49 

General Information 48 

Legal Tender 47 

Mint Test 47 

Standard Weights 47 

Dollars 52 

Dollars (souvenir) 52 

Quarter Eagles 52 

Three Dollars 53 

Half Eagles .... 54 

Eagles 55 



Wilkinsburg, Pa., U. S. A. 125 

PAGE 

Double Eagles . 55 

Pattern Pieces 56 

Four Dollars 56 

Fifty Dollars . 56 

United States Minor Coins 22 

Counterfeits 23 

Legal Tender 22 

Standard Weights 22 

Half Cents 25 

Cents (bronze) 30 

Cents (copper) . 26 

Cents (nickel) 30 

Two Cents 30 

Three Cents 31 

Five Cents 31 

United States Silver Coins 32 

Counterfeits 34 

General Information . . . . ' 33 

Legal Tender 32 

Mint Test 32 

Standard Weights 32 

Value of Silver in Current Coins 35 

Value of Silver in Standard Dollar 36 

Three Cents 38 

Half Dime 38 

Dime • . 40 

Twenty Cents 41 

Quarter Dollars 42 

Quarter Dollar (souvenir) 42 

Half Dollars 42 

Half Dollar (souvenir) 43 



126 National Coin Book 

page 

Dollars 43 

Dollar (souvenir) 46 

Dollar (Trade) '. .' 45 

War Tokens 68 

Weights of Coins of United States 21 



THE CRESCENT PRESS 
138 ANDERSON ST. 

Cor. Penn Ave. 
PITTSBURGH, PA. 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 



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